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Adaptors
Movements such as nose scratches, hand over lips, chin stroking, and hair twirling that involuntarily reveal information about our psychological state at the same time they meet our own physical or emotional needs
Affect Displays
Body movements reflecting emotional states of being
Artifactual Communication
Clothing and personal adornments, such as jewelry, makeup, hair styles and accessories, tattoos and piercings, and beards
Chronemics
The study of how people use time to communicate
Emblems
Movements of the body that are consciously sent by a culture's members and easily translated into speech
Facial Management Techniques
Means of controlling the communication of expression
Haptics
Study of sense of touch
High-Contact Cultures
Cultures in which members are more comfortable standing closer to one another than are persons from North American cultures
Illustrators
Bodily cues designed to enhance receiver speech comprehension by supporting or reinforcing it
Intimate Distance
Personal distance; from the point of touch to eighteen inches; the distance at which physical contact is natural
Kinesics
The study of the relationship between body motion, or body language, and communication
Linguistic Profiling
The tendency to associate a person's linguistic cues with their social characteristics such as age, gender, race and ethnicity, and sexual orientation
Linguistic Stereotyping
Categorizing a person based on their accent or manner of speaking
Low-Contact Cultures
Cultures in which members are more accustomed to crowds and reduced personal space due to limitations of space availability
Metacommunicative Functions
Communication about communication
Mixed Message
When words and nonverbal cues conflict
Nonfluencies
Hesitation phenomena
Nonverbal Communication
All messages not expressed in words
Olfactics
Study of sense of smell
Paralanguage
Elements of speech that are not standard words
Personal Distance
From eighteen inches to four feet; one's personal bubble; the most common distance for talking informally
Pitch
The highness or lowness of the human voice
Proxemics
Study of the space that exists between people as they talk and relate to each other
Public Distance
Beyond twelve feet, commonly reserved for strangers with whom individuals don't wish to have an interaction
Rate
The speed of speech
Regulators
Cues we use intentionally to influence turn taking—who speaks, when, and for how long
Silence
The absence of both paralinguistic and verbal cues
Social distance
A distance of four to twelve feet at which people are not likely to share personal concerns
Territoriality
Demonstrating a possessive or ownership relationship in space
Vocalics
Paralanguage; elements of speech not parts of words
Volume
Degree of loudness
