Lipids II: Metabolism, and Transport of Complex Lipids

Flashcards about the metabolism and transport of complex lipids, including phospholipids, triacylglycerols, lipoproteins, and lipid rafts.

What are the two locations where triacylglycerol digestion occurs?

Mouth (lingual lipase) and Stomach (gastric lipase)

What type of lipid molecules contain a phosphate head and nonpolar tail, and include glycerophospholipids with a glycerol backbone?

Phospholipids

What is the central molecule to phospholipid and neutral lipid metabolism?

Phosphatidate

What are enzymes that cleave phospholipids called?

Phospholipases

What are spherical micelles of phospholipids and apolipoproteins surrounding a neutral lipid core, differing in protein:lipid content?

Lipoproteins (HDL, IDL, LDL, and VDL)

What is the term for the removal of cholesterol from the circulation and peripheral tissues to the liver?

Reverse Cholesterol Transport

How do lipids gain access to the cell?

Via at least three different mechanisms.

What is the process in which cells internalize particles and uses the cholesterol contents of low-density lipoproteins?

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Where does triacylglycerol synthesis occur?

Occurs in the liver and adipose tissue

What is the organelle that stores neutral lipids in the cell?

Lipid Storage Droplets

What is the regulated mobilization and breakdown of triacylglycerols called?

Lipolysis

What are transient, loosely bound bundles of cholesterol and sphingolipids involved in signaling?

Lipid Rafts

What are flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that associate with caveolins?

Caveolae

What is inductive reasoning?

A type of reasoning that involves drawing general conclusions from specific observations. It is used to formulate hypotheses and theories based on empirical data.

What is deductive reasoning?

A type of reasoning that starts with general principles or premises to derive specific conclusions. It is used to test and validate existing theories by applying them to specific cases.

What is quantitative analysis?

The process of gathering and analyzing numerical data to draw conclusions or make predictions. It involves techniques such as hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and statistical modeling.

What is qualitative analysis?

The process of gathering and analyzing non-numerical data, such as text, images, and audio, to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It involves techniques such as content analysis, thematic analysis, and grounded theory.

A systematic process of identifying, evaluating, and selecting alternatives to make informed decisions. It involves defining the problem, gathering