RAD111 Ch7 Femur + Pelvic Girdle TXTBK Review

What are the 3 joints of the pelvic girdle

Hip joint

Sacroiliac joint

Symphysis pubis joint

What bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body

Femur

What bone bears the entire weight of the body and the weight is transferred through this bone and the associated joints at each end, making them a frequent source of pathology in trauma

Femur

The proximal femur consists of four essential parts

Head

Neck

Greater trochanter

Lesser trochanter

What part of the femur is rounded and smooth for articulation with the hip bones

head of femur

What is the depression, or pit near the femur head called

Fovea capitis

What is the major ligament that is attached to the femur of the head at the fovea capitis

Ligament of the head of the femor/ligament capitis femoris

What part of the femur is a strong pyramidal process of bone that connects the head of the body or shaft in the region of the trochanters

Neck

What is the large prominence of the proximal femur.

Greater trochanter

Is the greater or lesser trochanter superior and lateral to the femoral shaft

Greater trochanter

Is the greater or lesser trochanter palpable as a bony landmark

Greater trochanter

What is the prominence on the femur that is small, blunt, conical and conical eminence projects medially and posteriorly from the junction of the neck + shaft

Lesser trochanter

The trochanters are joined posteriorly by a thick ridge called

intertrochanteric crest

The term for the most long and cylindrical part of the femur

Body or shaft

What is the angle of the neck to shaft on an average adult of the femur

125 degrees

What is the variance of the neck to shaft angle, dependning on the width of the pelvis and length of lower limbs

+- 15

A long legged person with a narrow pelvis would have the angle of the neck to shaft of the femur of about

140 degrees

A short person with a winder pelvis would have the angle of the neck to shaft of the femur of about

110 to 115 degrees

On an average adult in the anatomic position, the long plane of the femur is how many degrees from verticals

10 degrees

The long plane of the femur on a person who is short with a wide pelvis has a vertical angle of

15 degrees

The long plane of the femur on a person who is tall with a narrow pelvis has the vertical plane of

5 degrees

True or False, the longitudinal plane of the femur does not affect positioning and the central ray angles for lateral knee

False, it does

What is the anterior angle of the head and neck of the femur in relation to the body of the femur

15-20 degrees

Does the head or neck of the femur project somewhat anteriorly or forward as a result of the 15-20 degree angle

Head

True or false, the head + neck angle in relation to the body of the femur is important when positioning

True

The femur and lower leg must be rotated how many degrees internally to place the femoral neck parallel to the IR for a true AP projection of the proximal femur

15-20 degrees

Another name for the complete pelvis

Basin

What structure serves as the base of the trunk and forms the connection between the vertebral column and lower limbs

Pelvis

The pelvis consists of four bones:

2 hip bones, sacrum, coccyx

The hip bones are also called

In nominate bones

The sacrum articulates superiorily or anteriorly with the 5th lumbar vertebrae

Superiorly

What two bones form the lumbosacral joint or L5-S1 joint

L5 and the sacrum

The right and left hip bones articulate anteriorly or posteriorly with the sacrum to form the sacroiliac joint

Posteriorly

True or false, the sacrum and coccyx are not considered part of the vertebral column

False, they are considered parts of the distal vertebral column

Each hip bone is composed of three division

Ilium, ischium and pubis

In a child are the 3 division of the hip bones form separate or attached bones

Separate bones

When do the 3 divisions of the hip bones fuse

Middle teens

Where does the fusion of the 3 divisions of the hip bones occur

Acetabulum

What is the deep, cup shaped cavity that accepts the head of the femur to form the hip joint

acetabulum

In the hip bone, what is the largest of the three division

Ilium

What part of the 3 divisions of the hip bone is located superior to the acetabulum

Ilium

What part of the 3 divisions of the hip bone is located inferior and posterior to the acetabulum

Ischium

What part of the 3 divisions of the hip bone is located inferior + anterior

Pubis

The ilium of the hip is composed of a _____ and a ______

Body and an ala (wing)

Is the body or ala of the ilium the more inferior portion near the acetabulum and includes this superior 2/5ths of the acetabulum

Body of the ilium

Is the body or ala of the ilium the more thin and flared superior part

Ala

What part of the ilium is the superior margin of the Ala

Crest of the ilium

The crest of the ilium extends to the anterior _________

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

What does the ASIS stand for

Anterior superior iliac spine

The crest of the ilium (or iliac crest) extends to the posterior __________

Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)

What does the PSIS stand for

Posterior superior iliac spne

In radiographic positioning, the most peak of the crest of the ilium is referred to as the

Iliac crest

The iliac crest actually extends between the _____ and the ____

ASIS and PSIS

Under the ASIS is a less prominent projection referred to as the

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Under the PSIS is a less prominent projection referred to as the

Posterior inferior iliac spine

What are the 2 important positioning landmarks of the ilium

iliac crest and ASIS

What part of the 3 hip divisions lies inferior and posterior to the acetabulum

Ischium

Each ischium is divided into a

body and ramus

Does the superior portion of the body or ramus of the ischium makes up the posteroinferior 2/5ths of the acetabulum

Body

The lower portion of the body of the ischium was formerly called the

Superior ramus

The lower portion of the body of the ischium projects caudally and medially from the acetabulum and ends at the

Ischial tuberoisty

What part of the ischium projects anteriorly from the ischial tuberosity

Ramus

The rounded rouchened area near the junction of the lower body and the inferior rami is a landmark on the ischium called the

Tuberoisty of the ischium or ischial tuberosity

Posterior/behind the acetabulum is a bony projection in the ischium called the

Ischial spine

True or false, a small part of the ischial spine is visible on a frontal view of the pelvis

True

What is directly superior or above the ischial spine

A deep notch called the greater sciatic notch

What is directly inferior or below the ischial spine

A smaller notch termed the lesser sciatic notch

What are the positioning landmarks of the ischium

The ischial tuberosities when you sit down, palpated through the buttocks

The last of the three divisors of a hip bone is the

Pubis or pubic bone

The pubis contains a _______ that is anterior and inferior to the acetabulum

Body

The ______ includes the anteroinferior 1/5th of the acetabulum

Pubis

In the pubis, what extends anteriorly and medially from the body

Superior ramus

The 2 superior rami meet in the midline of the pubis bone on the body for goth which amphiarthroidal joint

Symphysis pubis

The symphysis pubis is actually called the

Pubic spymphysis

The inferior ______ of the body of the pubis passes down and posterior from the symphysis pubis to join the ramus of the respective ischium

Inferior ramus

The opening of the pubis formed by the ramus and body of each ischium and pubis

Obtruator foramen

Largest foramen in the body

Obtruator foramen

Positioning landmarks of the pubis

Superior margin of the symphysis pubis

The symphysis pubis is a possible positioning landmark for

Pelvis, hip and abdomen positioning

The most frequently used positioning landmarks of the pelvis

ASIS

What positioning landmark is used to determine for rotation of the pelvis and/or lower abdomen

ASIS

The distance between the ASIS and tabletop tells us if the pelvis or lower abdomen is

Rotated and equal on both sides

What province is on the same level as the superior border of the symphysis pubis

Greater trochanter

The ischial tuberosities are ____ to ____ inches (4-5cm) below the symphysis pubis

1.5 to 2inches

The distance between ischial tuberosities and symphysis pubis vary between

Male and females because of differences in shape in pelvis

T/F, A plane through the brim of the pelvis divides the pelvic area into 3 cavities

False, 2 cavities

What is defined by the superior portion of the symphysis pubis anteriorly and by the superior prominent part of the sacrum posteriorly

pelvic brim

The general area above or superior to the oblique plane through the pelvic brim is termed the

greater or false pelvis

The flared portion of the pelvis, formed by the ala, forms the lateral and posterior limits of the

False pelvis or greater pelvis

The abdominal muscles of the anterior wall define the anterior limits of the false or true pelvis

False pelvis or greater pelvis

The lower abdominal organs rest on the floor of the ______ pelvis as does the fetus

Greater/false pelvis

The area inferior to a plane through the pelvis brim is termed the

Lesser/true pelvis

The _____ pelvis is a cavity that is completely surrounded by bony structures

Lesser/true pelvis

The size and shape of the _____ pelvis are of greatest important during the birth process bc the _____ pelvis forms the actual birth canal

True/lesser pelvis

Does the false or true pelvis form the birth canal

True pelvis

The oblique plane defined by the brim of the pelvis is termed the

Inlet, or superior aperture of the true pelvis

Another name for the inlet of the true pelvis

Superior aperture

Another name for the superior aperture of the true pelvis

Inlet

The ________ of the true pelvis is defined by the 2 ischial tuberosities and tip of the coccyx

outlet or inferior aperture

Another name for the outlet of the true pelvis

Inferior aperture