Lecture 1: Genetics According to Mendel

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Based off lecture notes and text book readings Ch 1.1-1.2

8 Terms

1

discrete traits

traits that fall into distinct catagories

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2

continuous traits

traits that exist along a spectrum

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3

Mendel’s Law of Segregation

states that (1) the two alleles for each gene segregate/separate from each other during haploid gamete formation (meiosis); and that (2) these gametes unite randomly, one from each parent, during fertilization

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4

dihybrid cross

a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that are controlled by two distinct genes (9:3:3:1 ratio)

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5

Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment

law stating that different allelic pairs separate independently of each other (however, this is not always true)

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6

artificial selection

a type of selection involving the purposeful control of mating by choosing parents for the next generation

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7

self-fertilization

fertilization in which both the egg and sperm come from the same plant or animal

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8

reciprocal crosses

crosses performed in two directions, with the characters of traits in the males and females reversed relative to the other, thereby controlling whether a particular character is transmitted by the male or female gamete

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