Excipients Ingredients

Tween80

Nonionic surfactant that increases solubility and acts as an oriented-wedge emulsifier.

Water, Oil,

Solvent that increases solubility.

Alcohol

Solvent and preservative (12%+), possesses antimicrobial properties (12-15%), increasing solubility and stability.

Propylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol

Solvent, humectant, surfactant, wetting agent that increases solubility, viscosity, homogeneity, and maintains humidity.

Sorbital

Sweetener that increases palatability and viscosity.

Syrup, Sucralose

Sweetener that increases palatability.

Paraben, Benzoates

Antimicrobial agent that increases stability.

Citric acid

pH adjuster that increases solubility and palatability.

Potassium sorbate

Preservative and antimicrobial that increases stability.

Xanthan gum

Sweetener that increases palatability and viscosity for dosing accuracy.

Disodium phosphate dihydrate, Dibasic sodium phosphate, Monobasic sodium phosphate

Buffer used for pH adjustment.

0.9% Sodium chloride

Isotonic solution that increases parenteral safety.

Hydrochloric acid/sodium hydroxide

Buffers used for pH adjustment.

Benzalkonium chloride

Preservative (positive surfactant) that increases stability.

Edetate disodium (EDTA)

Antimicrobial, preservative (chelating) that increases stability.

Povidone

Substance that increases viscosity.

Bentonite (clay)

Flocculating agent and surfactant (interfacial film) that prevents compact cake of suspensions and acts as an emulsifier.

Electrolytes

Flocculating agent that prevents compact cake of suspensions.

Glucose, sucrose, fructose

Sugar polymers, sweeteners that increase viscosity and palatability.

Cellulose

Sugar polymer that increases viscosity.

Acacia, agar

Carbohydrate surfactants that act as interfacial film emulsifiers.

Gelatin, egg yolk

Protein surfactants that serve as interfacial film emulsifiers.

Magnesium hydroxide

Fine surfactant that acts as an interfacial film emulsifier.

Lecithin

Phospholipid surfactant that acts as an oriented-wedge emulsifier.

Triethanolamine oleate, sodium laurel sulphate

Anionic surfactants that act as oriented-wedge emulsifiers.

Cetylpyridinium chloride

Cationic surfactant that acts as an oriented-wedge emulsifier.

Sorbitan esters, polyethylenes (Span/Tween)

Nonionic surfactants that act as oriented-wedge emulsifiers.

Ascorbic acid, vitamin E

Antioxidants that increase the stability of suspensions/emulsions.

Lactose

Used as a compressed tablet excipient to add bulk.

Sodium starch glycolate

Disintegrant that helps break up the tablet.

Magnesium stearate

Compressed tablet lubricant that facilitates material flow into tablets.

Phthalate derivatives, shellac

Enteric coating that is neutral in acidic pH allowing absorption in intestines.

Mannitol

Used in chewable tablets to increase palatability.

Sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate

Effervescent salts that allow tablet dissolution in water/acid.

Crospovidone, modified food starch, sodium bicarbonate

Superdisintegrants that enable rapid dissolution of tablets.

Glycerin

Solvent, wetting agent, and sweetener that increases solubility, homogeneity, and viscosity.

5% Dextrose in water (D5W)

Isotonic solution

10% Sucrose in water

Isotonic solution

Lactated ringer

Isotonic solution