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what is the first step of gluconeogenesis?
pyruvate (2) to oxaloacetate (2)
what is the second step of gluconeogenesis?
oxaloacetate (2) to phosphoenol pyruvate (2)
what is the third step of gluconeogenesis?
phosphoenol pyruvate (2) to 2-phosphoglycerate (2)
what is the fourth step of gluconeogenesis?
2-phosphoglycerate (2) to 3-phosphoglycerate (2)
what is the fifth step of gluconeogenesis?
3-phosphoglycerate (2) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
what is the sixth step of gluconeogenesis?
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to DHAP (dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
what is the seventh step of gluconeogenesis?
the isomerization of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) into DHAP (dihydroxyacetone phosphate)
what is the eighth step of gluconeogenesis?
DAP and G3P into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
what is the ninth step of gluconeogenesis?
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glucose-6-phosphate
what is the tenth step of gluconeogenesis?
fructose-6-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate
what is the eleventh step of gluconeogenesis?
glucose-6-phosphate to glucose
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of gluconeogenesis?
pyruvate carboxylase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the second step of gluconeogenesis?
PEP carboxykinase***
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the third step of gluconeogenesis?
enolase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the fourth step of gluconeogenesis?
phosphoglycerate mutase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the fifth step of gluconeogenesis?
phosphoglycerate kinase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the sixth step of gluconeogenesis?
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3P dehydrogenase)
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the seventh step of gluconeogenesis?
triose phosphate isomerase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the eighth step of gluconeogenesis?
aldolase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the ninth step of gluconeogenesis?
fructose bisphosphatase***
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the tenth step of gluconeogenesis?
phosphoglucose isomerase
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the 11th step of
glucose-6-phosphatase***
what are the irreversible steps of gluconeogenesis?
2,9, and 11