lec10-deontologicaltheory

Deontological Ethics

An ethical theory that evaluates the morality of actions based on whether they adhere to rules or duties.

Teleology

An ethical theory where the moral status of an action is determined by its consequences.

Deontology

An ethical approach where the morality of an action is based on the nature of the action itself, rather than its outcomes.

Kantianism

A deontological ethical theory developed by Immanuel Kant, emphasizing that actions are morally right if done out of duty.

Good Will (Kantianism)

An action is morally good if it is motivated by a recognition of moral duty, rather than by personal desire.

Maxim

The principle according to which a subject acts; a personal rule that guides action.

Hypothetical Imperative

An imperative that suggests an action as a means to achieve something desired.

Categorical Imperative

An imperative that represents an action as necessary in itself, without reference to another end.

Universalizability

The principle that a permissible act must be such that it could be recommended to all moral agents.

Insider Trading

The illegal practice of trading on the stock exchange to one's own advantage while having access to confidential information.

Social Contract Theory

The theory that individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to form societies and accept certain obligations within that society.

Veil of Ignorance

A method of determining the morality of political issues proposed by John Rawls, where decision-makers are stripped of knowledge of their own social status.

Principle of Justice (Rawls)

A guideline asserting that an inequitable distribution of social goods is only morally permissible if it benefits the least advantaged.