yeasts and other opportunists (without pictures)

what is Cryptococcus neoformans inhibited by

cycloheximide

what organism is found in pigeon and bird droppings

Cryptococcus neoformans

what does Cryptococcus neoformans cause in immunocompromised hosts

• meningitis

• and septicemia

where can Cryptococcus neoformans be found if its human host has developed meningitis

in spinal fluid

what is used to treat Cryptococcus neoformans

• amphotericin B

• fluocytosine

what is detected by India Ink

capsule in Cryptococcus neoformans

what yeast is India Ink positive

Cryptococcus neoformans

what do Cryptococcus neoforman colonies look like

brown mucoid colonies

what agar does Cryptococcus neoformans grow on

bird seed agar

does Cryptococcus neoformans have pseudohyphae

no

Cryptococcus neoformans is urease _

positive

Candida albicans is germ tube _

positive

what can Candida albicans cause

• oral thrush

• vaginitis

• cutaneous / systemic infections

Candida albicans is __ __ flora

normal human

Candida albicans is urease _

negative

which yeast has the following morphological characteristics :

• blastoconidia along pseudohyphae

• formed germ tubes

• terminal chlamydoconidia

Candida albicans

how does Candida albicans appear on cornmeal agar

chlamydoconidia

what agar does Candida albicans characteristically grow on

cornmeal agar

at what conditions will Candida albicans be germ tube be positive

in 2 hours at 37C in Rabbit or Human plasma

Candida tropicalis is germ tube _

negative

what test differentiates C. albicans and C. tropicalis

germ tube test (C. albicans: positive, C. tropicalis: negative)

describe Candida tropicalis morphology characteristics

• no chlamydoconidia

• sparser blastoconidia

which yeast has:

• no chlamydoconidia

• sparser blastoconidia

Candida tropicalis

what occurs in the germ tube test with Candida tropicalis

negative but a structure is formed between the tube and the spore

what kind of structures does Geotrichum exhibit

arthroconidia

what is characteristic of Geotrichum yeast

“hockey stick” bud on one corner of arthroconidia

what structures does Trichosporon exhibit

blastoconidia and arthroconidia

what is characteristic of Trichosporon arthroconidia

there is budding from both corners of its arthroconidia

Trichosporon is urease _

positive

Candida glabrata is also known as

Candida (torulopsis) glabrata

what are key characteristics of Candida glabrata

• no pseudohyphae

• assimilates only glucose and trehalose

what is illustrated

Candida albicans

what is illustrated

Candida tropicalis

what is illustrated

Geotrichum

what is illustrated

Trichosporon

what is illustrated

Candida (torulopsis) glabrata

what is illustrated

Cryptococcus neoformans

what Candida spp accounts for 20% of urinary isolates

Candida glabrata

what is the second most common Candida spp. to cause disease

Candida glabrata

what is the % of time that Candida glabrata is identified in urinary yeast isolates

20%

why can Candida glabrata be easily differentiated from other Candida spp.

it has different sugar assimilation patterns than Candida albicans

• rapid assimilation of trehalose

which Candida spp. are seen in immunocompromised patients and cause nosocomial infections

C. krusei and C. tropicalis

what morphologic structure that identifies Candida albicans and distinguishes it from other Candida species is _ ?

the chlamydospore

what is the other Candida spp. that Candida albicans cannot be morphologically differentiated from

Candida dublinensis