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Quadriceps femoris
Large muscle group at the front of the thigh
made up from rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius.
Rectus femoris
Origin: straight head originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine; reflected head originates from the ilium just superior to the acetabulum
Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon
Main Action: Flexes the thigh at the hip joint and extends the leg at the knee joint
Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2, L3, L4
Vastus lateralis
Origin: Femur— lateral part of the intertrochanteric line, margin of greater trochanter, lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of the linea aspera
Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon and lateral margin of patella
Main Action: Extends the leg at the knee joint
Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2, L3, L4
Vastus medialis
Origin: Femur—medial part of intertrochanteric line, pectineal line, medial lip of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
Insertion: quadriceps femoris tendon and medial border of patella
Main Action: Extend the leg at the knee joint
Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2, L3, L4
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Femur—upper 2/3 of anterior and lateral surfaces
Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon and lateral margin of patella
Main Action: Extends the leg at the knee joint
Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2, L3, L4
Sartorius
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: medial surface of tibia just inferomedial to tibial tuberosity
Main Action: flexes the thigh at the hip joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint
Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2, L3
Biceps femoris
Origin: Long head—inferomedial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity, Short head—lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: head of fibula
Main Action: flexes leg at knee joint; extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates leg at knee joint
Innervation: Sciatic Nerve L5, S1, S2
Semitendinosus
Origin: Inferomedial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial surface of proximal tibia
Main Action: Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint; medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint
Innervation: Sciatic Nerve L5, S1, S2
Semimebranosus
Origin: Superolateral impression on the ischial tuberosity
Insertion: groove and adjacent bone on medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle
Main Action: Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint; medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint
Innervation: Sciatic Nerve L5, S1, S2
Popliteus
Origin: lateral femoral condyle
Insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibia
Main Action: stabilizes knee joint (resists lateral rotation of tibia on femur); unlocks knee joint (laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)
Innervation: Tibial Nerve L4 to S1