physics aummer test

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54 Terms

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Physical quantity

Ang property of matter that can be measured

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Measuring

When you measure something you compare it with a standard amount of the same quantity

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Self luminous object

An object that gives out its own light

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When can we only see a non luminous ibject

When light from some other source bounces if that object and goes into your eye

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How do we know light is a form of energy

Energy if some other form is always need to produce light and light can cause a photocell to produce electric current

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A beam of light may be spreading out like the beam of a torch sucha beam is called a

diverging beam

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A beam of light may be getting narrower such a beam is called a

converging beam

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A be of light may remain the same width such a beam is called a

Parallel beam

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Light ray

A straight line showing the direction I wich light is travelling

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Reflection

The bouncing of light of an object

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Diffuse reflection

If the surface on wich the light shine is rough light is scattered in all directions from the surface

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Mirror

If the surface on wich light shines is silvered or polished it is a mirror

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Law 1 of the reflection of ligh

The incident ray , the normal at the point of incidence and the reflected Ray all lie on the same plane

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Law 2 of reflection of light

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

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Virtual image

A virtual image is formed by the apparent intersection of rays

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Speed

The rate of change if distance with respect to time

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Constant speed

An object has constant speed if it neither speed up or slows down

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When a force is removed the object may return to its original shape if this happens the object is said to be ________

Elastic

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An object has an applies force too great the object may not return to its original shape the object has exceeded its _________. ________

Elastic limit

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Restoring force is directly proportional to

Dosplacement

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Restoring force acts in the ___ direction of displacement

Opposite

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Hooked Law

When an object is bent ,stretched or compressed by a displacement the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement provided the elastic limit is not exceeded

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An object is said to be moving in simple harmonic motion if

The acceleration is directly proportional to its distance from a fixed point on its path and if the acceleration is always directed towards that point

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Examples of SHM

Prongs vibrating on a tuning fork ,the tides moving in and out

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Acceleration

V - U/ T

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Temperature

The measure of the hitness or coldness of a body

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Thermeometric propert

any physical property that changes measurably with temperature

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Thermometer

An instrument based on a particular thermeometric property and is unused to measure temperature

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Explain the thermometric property of a mercury thermometer

Liquids expand when heated

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Explain the thermometric property of an electric thermometer

Electrical resistance increases with increasing temperature and for a semi conductor or carbon resistance decreases with increasing temperature

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Emfs of a thermocouple

If two different metals are joined together to form a circuit and two junctions are kept at different temperatures a small emf is induced

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What happens to the volume of gas kept at a constant pressure when heated

The volume of gas will increase

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What happens to the pressure of gas at a constant pressure and then heated

It increases

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Why do clinical thermometer have a small scale

They only need to read a bit above and below body temperature

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What does the constriction of a clinical thermometer do

It stops the liquid flowing back into the bulb after the thermometer has been removed from the patients mouth

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Heat

A form of energy that causes a rise in temperature when it is added to a hot object and a fall in temperature when it is removed from an object

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Internal energy

The sum of the potential and kinetic energies of the molecules to make an object hotter we increase internal energy

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Heat capacity

The amount of heat energy a substance needs to change its temperature by 1k

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Specific heat capacity

The amount of energy eich will change the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1k

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What does a storage heater have

Bricks if HSHC

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Latent heat

The heat energy taken in or released when a substance is changing state and not changing temperature

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SLH

The amount of energy wich will change the state of 1kg of the substance

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What does a heat pump do

Transfers energy from a cold to a warm body thus reducing the temperature of the cold body and rasing the temperature of the warm body

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What does the pump of a heat pump have

A special liquid with a high SLH and low boling point

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What does the valve of a heat pump do

It ensures the pressure on one side of the compressor is higher than the other

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What does the liquid do after passing through the valve

It goes in the cold body ,the pressure is then reduced and so it expands and vaporises absorbing the necessary latent heat from surroundings making the cold body colder

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What happens to the vapour after it is compressed

It changes to a liquid releasing latent heat to surroundings

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Conductor

A substance that allows heat to pass through it easily

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Insulator

A substance that does not allow heat to pass through it easily

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U value

The amount of heat energy conducted per seonc through 1 metre squared of that substance when a temperature of 1k is maintained between its ends

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What is the measure if insulating properties

The U value

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The ______the u value the better the insulation

Lower

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What rare the three ways heat can be transferred

Convection ,conduction and radiation

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