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Biology
A-Level Biology
9th
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80 Terms
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1
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glucagon
causes cells to take sugar out of the blood
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true
a cell must have receptors for a particular hormone for the hormone to affect it
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endocrine
if it releases secretions directly into the blood it is considered:
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all of these (blood , tissue, lining )
during menstruation, __ is discharged through the vagina
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hypothalamus
it links the nervous system to the endocrine system
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stimulate cells inside the ovaries to produce more estrogen
which is a function of FSH?
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scrotum
the __ needs to be external because sperm need to be cooler than body temperature to develop properly.
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seminiferous tubules
sperm develop inside the :
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5;3
people using the rhythm method as contraception should avoid intercourse for at least ___ days before and after ovulation
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23
how many chromosomes does each genetic material form into?
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IVF
involves the process of combining sperm and egg in a laboratory dish
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follicle to rupture
a burst of FSH and LH cause the:
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urethra
the __ is the tube that carries semen and urine out
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exocrine
if it releases secretions outside of the body, it is considered:
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true
the cervix remains open for a few days while ovulation occurs
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fallopian tube
if a sperm cell can meet the egg cell in the ___, the fertilization will take place here.
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follicle
A(n) ___ is a cluster of cells surrounding a single egg, or ovum.
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none of these
____ is/are the female reproductive organs.
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pituitary
the master gland — it can indirectly control the actions of other endocrine glands
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zygote, fertilization
a __ is formed during the process of __
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the fertilization phase
__ is NOT a phase in the menstrual cycle.
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pineal
helps control the cycle of sleep and wakefulness, by secreting the hormone melatonin
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vas deferns
Before transportation, sperm are stored in the :
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testes
__ are the male gonads
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both of these (exo, endo)
the pancreas is considered:
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uterus
where does the zygote implant to grow and mature for the next 9 months?
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chemical messages
hormones can be thought of as:
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uterine lining
after egg implantation, the __ will nourish and protect the embryo
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bladder
__ is the muscular sac that stores urine until it is released
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none of these
where are androgens secreted from?
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all of these
epinephrine and norepinephrine can
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corpus luteum; collapse
if the egg remains underutilized in the literal phase, the __ will:
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luteal phase
the female reproductive system prepares for ovulation in the:
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adrenal gland
the __ regulates metabolism and blood calcium.
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all of these
hormones can affect many processes
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all of these (deep voice and the other stuff i forgot)
testosterone will cause:
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adrenal glands
corticosteroids
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prostaglandins
these so-called local hormones generally affect only nearby cells and tissues
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all of these
during the menstrual period, one can experience:
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corticosteroids
anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, etc. are called:
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b & c — testes and ovaries
where are progesterone and estrogen secreted from?
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3-7
menstruation generally lasts between __ days
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false
hormones are generally fast-acting, similar to the nervous system.
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2
there are __ sex hormones in the human genome
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about 300 million sperm
during sexual intercourse, about how many sperm enter the vagina?
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cilia
__ push the egg down the fallopian tube towards the uterus
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corpus luteum
once the egg is released, the follicle seals over, and this is called the:
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fallopian tube
during ovulation, the egg is released int the:
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400
in the life of a human female, about __ mature eggs are released
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thyroid
the __ is a butterfly-shaped gland that wraps around the trachea
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12
a human egg matures in about __ days
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males
who contains higher levels of androgens?
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fertilized
the menstrual cycle stops and embryonic development begins if the egg is:
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all of these
the menstrual cycle involves the:
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puberty
the reproductive system becomes fully functional during:
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pancreas
the __ releases the digestive enzymes to help break down food
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all of these
steroid hormones can:
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produce eggs
the mai function of the female reproductive system is to:
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true
recent alternative meat products use immortalized cells that are technically precancerous, and in some cases, fully cancerous
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both of these
if it releases secretions directly into the digestive system, it is considered
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epinephrine
someone experiencing anaphylaxis will often benefit from treatment with:
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prostate
the __ is a walnut sized gland that surrounds a portion of the urethra and produces some of the fluid in semen
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when the embryo is fully formed
when is fertilization fully complete?
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none of these
the permanent stop of ovulation and mestruation is called
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homeostasis
endocrine system feedback mechanisms help the body maintain:
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glands
organs that produce and release a secretion are called
67
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all of these are possible
how long does it take for a hormone to have its full effect on its target cells?
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none of these
what gets released enabling the sperm to burrow into the outer layer of the egg?
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sperm; seminal fluid
semen is a combination of \[\] and \[\]
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the embryo could be lost
if menstruation were to happen during the early stages of pregnancy, what could likely happen?
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42 years
based on the length of the average number of eggs a female releases, the length of time that female will be able to reproduce is roughly:
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steroid hormones
because they are lipids, __ can easily cross cell membranes
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none of these
__ provides energy to the sperm
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calcitonin
__ promotes calcium absorption into bones
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during childhood
when is the thymus most important
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vas deferns
the __ is a thin, muscular tube that transports sperm.
77
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all of these (emotional instability, depression, anxiety)
which mental health conditions can arise from hormonal imbalances?
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anabolic steroids
these are man-made versions of testosterone used to enhance performance
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can occur naturally in plants and animals
a steroid can:
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5
sperm can live for about _ days
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