exam 3 A/P

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The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________.

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1

The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________.

cruciate ligaments

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2

What joints are freely moveable

Synovial joints are freely movable

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3

Rotation of the forearm so as to direct the palm anteriorly (as in anatomic position) is called

supination

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4

Clenching the fingers to make a fist, then relaxing and straightening them, is an example of ________ followed by ________.

flexion; extension

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5

Which of the following describes a meniscus?

Fibrous cartilage pads

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6

Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________.

rare because of the ligament reinforcement

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7

In general, the movements demonstrated at plane joints between the carpals are

gliding movements.

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8

Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify a saddle joint of the skeleton.

carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

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9

A synarthrotic joint would have what mobility

low mobility and high stability.

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10

Synarthrotic joints moveable or immoveable

are immovable joints

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11

Gliding movements occur where?

intercarpal and intertarsal joints.

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12

The sagittal suture is a(n)

fibrous joint

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13

Performing "jumping jacks" requires ________.

abduction and adduction

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14

Define a synchondrose

cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage unites the ends of bones

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15

What type of cartilage is located between the bones in a symphysis?

Fibrocartilage

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16

If you were to reach out your hand to receive a set of keys from someone, what movements of your forearm and hand would be involved?

Supination and extension

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17

Gomphoses are only found in

tooth sockets

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18

Which of the following statements best describes angular movements?

They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones.

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19

Which is not a correct pairing of a joint with its common name?

Glenohumeral joint - elbow

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20

The hip joint is a good example of a(n) ________ synovial joint.

multiaxial

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21

What is moving a limb away from the midline of the body along the frontal plane called?

abduction

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22

The metacarpophalangeal joints allow movement in two planes and are classified as ________ joints.

condylar

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23

Fibrous joints are classified as ________.

sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

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24

On the basis of structural classification, which is a fibrous joint?

syndesmosis

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25

Structurally, a syndesmosis is a ____ joint, functionally it is a ________

fibrous; amphiarthrosis

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26

What is moving a limb away from the midline of the body along the frontal plane called

abduction

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27

Synovial fluid is

an oily fluid produced by the synovial membrane

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28

Pointing the toes is an example of

plantar flexion

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29

Which of the following conditions is joint inflammation or degeneration accompanied by stiffness, pain, and swelling?

rheumatoid arthritis

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30

The interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna is an example of a

syndesmosis

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31

All synovial joints are freely movable T/F

True

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32

If you were to reach out your hand to receive a set of keys from someone, what movements of your forearm and hand would be involved?

Supination and extension

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33

The joint formed by the axis and atlas that permits the no shaking of the head is a _______ joint

pivot

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34

Fluid filled sacs that cushion synovial joints are called

bursae

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35

Which of the following best describes angular movements

They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones

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36

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membrane that act as a cushion in places where friction develops are called ___

bursae

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37

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the following is/are damaged as a result?

tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament

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38

Fibrous joints are classified as

sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

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39

What part of the ethmoid bone forms the superior part of the nasal septum

perpendicular plate

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40

The three bones that make up each of the ox coxae are the ilium, pubis, and

ischium

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41

When dribbling a basketball the radius is crossed over the ulna in the forearm. In this case, the forearm is

pronated

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42

The biceps brachii muscle attaches to the ______ of the radius

radial tuberosity

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43

There are ___ cervical, ___ thoracic, ______ lumbar

7, 12, 5

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44

Which cranial fossa supports the cerebellum.

Posterior

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45

Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity towards the end of the pregnancy

lordosis

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46

The sella turcica is apart of the __ bone and houses the ________ gland.__

sphenoid; pituitary

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47

Which curves of the vertebral column are present at birth

thoracic and sacral

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48

The ___ provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body

intervertebral foramina

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49

What is the major function of the axial skeleton

provides central support for the body and protects internal organs

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50

The vertebral processes that are more easily palpated along the midline of the back

spinous process

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51

WHich of the following bones is not weight bearing

fibula

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52

Which bone is not apart of the axial skeleton

clavicle

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53

The _____ process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone

condylar

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54

In anatomic position the radius lies ____ to the ulna

lateral

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55

Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region

scoliosis

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56

The head of the humerus articulates with the

glenoid cavity

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57

Which bones comprise each pectoral gridle

clavicle and scapula

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58

The hyoid bone is unique because it ______

doesn’t articulate with any other bone

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59

The ____ suture is the articulation between the occipital bone and both parietal bones

lambdoidal suture

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60

Which of the spinal curves form when a child is about 12 months of age

Lumbar

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61

Which bone forms the prominence of the cheek

zygomatic bone

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62

The occipital condyles articulate with the

atlas

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63

Parathyroid hormone stimulates _______ to resorb bone and release calcium into the blood.

osteoclasts

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64

Compact bone is composed of tubular units called ______.

osteons

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65

The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as

resorption

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66

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the

diaphysis

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67

The process of bones increasing in thickness is

appositional growth

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68

Intramembranous ossification produces the

flat bones of the skull

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69

Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for

calcium, phosphate, and lipids

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70

What explains the dramatic acceleration in lengthwise bone growth at puberty?

increased secretion of sex hormones promotes epiphyseal plate growth

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71

In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is

hyaline cartilage

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72

Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates secretion, which leads to

parathyroid hormone; increased osteoclast activity

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73

The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as

long bones

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74

Calcitonin ___ osteoclast activity, which willl ___ blood calcium levels

inhibits, increase

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75

The central (Haversian) canal that runs through the core of each osteon is the site of

blood vessels and nerve fibers

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76

For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary?

Ossification centers form in the fibrous connective tissue membrane.

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77

Bone cells called __________ break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.

osteoclasts

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78

Where does hematopoiesis occur?

red bone marrow

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79

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ______

interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates

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80

Osteoid is the ____ part of the bone matrix that gives it its ________

organic, rigidity

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81

Which of the following is a bone marking described as a round or oval opening through a bone?

foramen

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82

When compared to the shoulder, the hip joint has

a deeper bony socket and stronger supporting ligaments

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83

Bowing to your opponent before a jiu-jitsu match would be considered a ____ movement

Flexion

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84

Lifting up a glass to take a drink involves the elbow joint. Which of the following correctly characterizes that joint?

diarthrotic

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85

Functionally a gomphosis is categorized as a

synarthrosis

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