Thẻ ghi nhớ: Level 3: Unit 4: Environmental problems | Quizlet

threat /θrɛt/ (n.)

a statement or situation that indicates something bad or harmful may happen

The rising sea levels pose a threat to coastal communities.

Mối đe dọa

destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/ (n.)

the act of destroying something

The earthquake caused widespread destruction in the city.

Sự tàn phá

destroy (v)

to damage something so badly that it cannot be used:

tàn phá, phá hoại

pollute /pəˈluːt/ (v.)

to make something dirty or harmful by adding substances

substance (n) chất

Factories pollute the air with toxic emissions.

Ô nhiễm

pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ (n.)

the presence or introduction of harmful substances into the environment Pollution has become a major concern in urban areas.

Ô nhiễm

pollutant /pəˈluːtənt/ (n.)

a substance that pollutes something

Car exhausts are a major pollutant in the air.

Chất ô nhiễm

contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ (v.)

to make something impure or harmful by adding a dangerous substance

The river was contaminated by industrial waste.

Làm ô nhiễm

contamination /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃən/ (n.)

the process of making something impure or harmful

Radioactive contamination can affect the environment for years.

Radioactive contamination (n- /ˌreɪ.di.əʊˈæk.tɪv/): ô nhiễm phóng xạ

Sự ô nhiễm

deforestation /ˌdɪˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən/ (n.)

the action of clearing a wide area of trees

Deforestation is a major cause of habitat loss.

Nạn phá rừng

soil erosion /sɔɪl ɪˈrəʊʒən/ (n.)

the gradual destruction of soil by natural forces such as wind or water

Soil erosion can lead to reduced agricultural productivity.

Xói mòn đất

greenhouse effect /ˈɡriːnˌhaʊs ɪˈfɛkt/ (n.)

the warming of the Earth due to the trapping of heat in the atmosphere

The greenhouse effect is largely caused by the accumulation of carbon emissions.

accumulation (n) tích tụ

Hiệu ứng nhà kính

degrade /dɪˈɡreɪd/ (v.)

to lower the quality or value of something

Improper waste disposal can degrade the environment.

disposal (n) việc loại bỏ, vất bỏ

Giảm giá trị, làm tệ, suy giảm đi

degradation /ˌdɪɡrəˈdeɪʃən/ (n.)

the process of something becoming worse or of lower quality

Soil degradation threatens global food security.

Sự suy thoái

fossil fuel /ˈfɒsəl fjuːəl/ (n.)

fuels, such as gas, coal, and oil, that were formed underground from plant and animal remains millions of years ago

Burning fossil fuels contributes to global warming.

Nhiên liệu hóa thạch

landfill /ˈlændfɪl/ (n.)

a place where waste is buried under the ground

The city has limited space for more landfills.

Bãi rác

emission /ɪˈmɪʃən/ (n.)

the act of releasing gas or radiation

The factory's emissions pollute the air.

Khí được thải ra

exhaust fumes /ɪɡˈzɔːst fjuːmz/ (n.)

gases emitted from an engine or machine

Exhaust fumes from cars are harmful to health.

Khí thải động cơ

dump /dʌmp/ (n.)(v)

a place where waste is stored or thrown

to get rid of something unwanted, especially by leaving it in a place where it is not allowed to be

The company illegally dumps toxic waste.

(n) Bãi rác, (v) xả rác

discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/ (v.)

to release a substance, especially liquid, or gas

The factory discharges waste into the river.

Xả thải

release /rɪˈliːs/ (v.)

to set something free or allow it to escape

The factory released harmful gases into the atmosphere.

xả, thả, phóng thích

industrial waste /ɪnˈdʌstrɪəl weɪst/ (n.)

waste produced by factories or industrial processes

Industrial waste is a significant environmental problem.

Chất thải công nghiệp

untreated waste /ʌnˈtriːtɪd weɪst/ (n.)

waste that has not been processed to make it less harmful

Untreated waste can cause serious pollution.

Chất thải chưa xử lý

carbon footprint /ˈkɑːbən ˈfʊtprɪnt/ (n.)

the amount of carbon dioxide emissions for which an individual or organization is responsible

Reducing one's carbon footprint is important for combating climate change.

Dấu chân carbon, tổng lượng C02, C02

pesticide /ˈpɛstɪsaɪd/ (n.)

a chemical used for killing insects or other organisms harmful to plants or crops

Farmers use pesticides to protect their crops from insects.

Thuốc trừ sâu

chemical fertiliser /ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈfɜːtɪlaɪzə(r)/ (n.)

a chemical substance used to improve the growth of plants

Chemical fertilisers are often used to increase agricultural yield.

Phân bón hóa học

respiratory disease /rɪˈspɪrətri dɪˈziːz/ (n.)

a disease affecting the lungs or breathing system

Smoking can lead to respiratory diseases such as emphysema.

Bệnh về đường hô hấp

preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ (v.)

to keep something as it is, especially in order to prevent it from decaying or being damaged or destroyed

We must preserve wildlife to maintain biodiversity.

Bảo tồn

conserve /kənˈsɜːv/ (v.) = preserving and saving

to keep and protect something from damage, change, or waste:

It is important to conserve water during a drought.

Bảo vệ

recycle /riːˈsaɪkl/ (v.)

to process used materials to make them suitable for use again

Recycling helps reduce waste and save energy.

Tái chế

renewable energy /rɪˈnuːəbl ˈɛnədʒi/ (n.)

energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power

Solar power is a form of renewable energy.

Năng lượng tái tạo

alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ (adj./n.)

offering a choice between two or more things

Wind power is an alternative to fossil fuels.

Thay thế

boycott /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ (v.)

to refuse to buy or use something as a protest against it

Many people boycott products made by companies that harm the environment.

Tẩy chay

litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/ (n./v.)

waste material that is left on the ground in public places, or to leave waste in public places

People who litter in public places should be fined.

Rác thải, vứt rác

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