Anatomy test monday

Definition of anatomy

The structure of the body parts (also known as morphology)

definition of physiology

the function of the body parts what they do and how they do it

characteristics of life list all 10

Movement (cells or whole organism), responsiveness( ability to sense changes within or around the organism and react to them), growth( more cells inc size of cells), reproduction(offspring), respiration(gas exchange), digestion(breaking down food to make it smaller), absorbtion (small food moving into body), circulation (movement of substance through body), assimilation (changing absorbed substances into molecules of the organism) , excretion (removal of waste)

body cavities cranial

brain

body cavity dorsal

spine (cranial, vertebral)

body cavity thoracic

lungs (mediastinum, pleural, cardiac)

body cavity abdominal

stomach

body cavity vertebral

spine

body cavity cardiac

heart

body cavity pleural

lungs

body cavity mediastinum

esophogus

body cavity pelvic

bladder

body cavity abdomino pelvic

diaphragm,abdominal, pelvic)

body cavity ventral

(mediastinum, pleural, cardiac, diaphragm, abdominal, pelvic)

planes, coronal

anterior, posterior

planes, sagittal

medial (left from right) doesnt have to be equal

planes, axial

transverse/ horizontal .. superior from inferior

movement

cells or whole organism

responsiveness

ability to sense changes within, or around the organism and react to them

growth

more cells increase size of cells

reproduction

offspring

respiration

gas exchange o2/co2

digestion

breaking down food to make it smaller

absorption

anatomical position

superior

toward the head

inferior

toward the feet

anterior

toward the front

posterior

toward the back

medial

toward the middle

lateral

away from the middle

proximal

closer to

distal

further from ex elbow-hand- finger finger is distal to elbow

similar to anterior

ventral (both mean toward the front)

similar to posterior

dorsal (both mean toward the back)

pushes body out of homeostasis

stress or stressor something that threatens internal balance

homeostasis is largely controlled by what two systems

nervous (fast electric signals) and endocrine (slower using hormones)

levels of organization

cell- tissue- organ- organ system- organism (cell Smallest living unit, tissue groups of similar cells working together, organ two or more tissue types working together, organ system multiple organs working together, organism the entire living individual) C-T-O-OS-O

Purpose of nervous system

control and coordinates the body and respond to stimuli feature brain

purpose of immune system

protects body from pathogens and disease feature white blood cells

purpose of endocrine system

produce hormones that regulate body functions feature thyroid

purpose of cardiovascular system

transport blood oxygen nutrients waste throughout body features heart

urinary system purpose

remove waste help regulate water and chemical balance feature kidneys

respiratory system purpose

brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide feature lungs

purpose of muscular system

produces movement maintain posture generate heat feature smooth muscle

purpose digestive system

break down food absorb nutrients eliminates solid waste feature stomach

skeletal system purpose

provide support and protection feature bones