Exam 1 Divinities & Demi-Gods

Mesopotamian sky god who represents the highest authority in the pantheon, father to Ishtar

An/Anu

goddess of love, beauty, desire, and passion, married to Hephaestus, famous for her affair with Ares, loved Adonis and Anchises

Aphrodite

- god of disease, healing, poetry, music, son of Zeus and the Titaness Leto, twin brother of Artemis

Apollo

- god of war, son of Zeus and Hera, lover of Aphrodite

Ares

- goddess of hunting, death of women, daughter of Zeus and Leto, twin sister of Apollo, punishes mortals who disrupt her domain

Artemis

- mortal son of Apollo & Coronis, then god of healing, trained in medicine by Centaur Chiron

Asclepius

- goddess of cities, crafts, wisdom, war

Athena

- Titan who holds up the sky, brother of Prometheus and Epimetheus, opposed Zeus and Olympians

Atlas

- primordial being, produced first divine beings without a partner including Gaia, Tartarus, Eros, Erebus, and Nyx

Chaos

- younger son of Uranus, father of Zeus, married his sister Rhea, swallowed his own children until overthrown by Zeus

Cronus

- thunderbolt crafters for Zeus, offspring of Uranus and Gaia

Cyclopes

- nymph loved by Apollo after being shot by Eros’s arrow, turned into a tree by father river god Peneus to save her from Apollo

Daphne

- Zeus’s flood survivors who recreate humankind by throwing “ the bones of their mother” (stones of Gaea) over their shoulders

Deucalion & Pyrrha

- Prometheus’ brother, marries Pandora, name means “afterthought”

Epimetheus

- Love, primordial force/son of Aphrodite, uses his arrows to make gods and mortals fall in love

Eros

- vengeance goddesses, borm from blood of Uranus that fell onto Gaea, avenging spirits who punish sever crimes

Furies (Erinyes)

- earth, mother of creation, then monsters, produced Uranus then mated with him to bear the Titans, Cyclopes, and Hundred-Handers

Gaea

- son of Cronus & Rhea, brother of Zeus, Poseidon, Hera, Demeter, Hestia, god of the dead, ruler of Underworld, abducted and married Persephone

Hades

- god of the sun, after Hyperion (his father), brother of Selene (moon) and Eos (dawn)

Helius/Helios

- god of metalworking, crafts, son of Hera

Hephaestus

- goddess of marriage, daughter of Cronus and Rhea, sister and wife of Zeus

Hera

- god of travelers, thieves, messengers, oratory, son of Zeus and nymph Maia, stole Apollo’s castle the day he was born

Hermes

- goddess of the hearth, firstborn of Cronus and Rhea so first swallowed

Hestia

- offspring of Gaea and Uranus, rescued from Tartarus by Zeus and used strength to hurl rocks and defeat Titans in the Titanomachy

Hundred-handers (Hecatonchires)

- Mesopotamian goddess of love/war, associated with the king/god Dumuzi

Inanna/Ishtar

- titan, mated with Zeus to be mother of Apollo and Artemis

Leto

- nymph, mated with Zeus to be mother of Hermes

Maia

- Mesopotamian hero who defeats Tiamat (sea goddess), chief storm god and patron deity of Babylon

Marduk

- ‘cleverness’, first wife of Zeus, when she was pregnant with Athena Zeus swelled her to prevent a son who would overthrow him

Metis

- minor goddesses of nature, (Dryads = trees, Naiads = freshwater, Nereids/Oceanis = sea)

Nymphs

- god of the Ocean, a creator, eldest Titan son of Uranus and Gaea

Oceanus

- goat-shaped god of the wild/pastures/herds, son of Hermes

Pan

- son of Cronus & Rhea, brother of Zeus, god of the oceans

Poseidon

- son of Aphrodite, god of the phallus, statues of him used to ward off evil

Priapus

- Titan, defies Zeus to give humans fire, chained to rock where eagle eats his liver

Prometheus

- giant snake Apollo defeats at Delphi, serpent child of Gaea

Pytho(n)

- primordial underworld monster/place in the underworld, used by Zeus as a prison for Cronus and defeated Titans

Tartarus

- Mesopotamian salt water goddess, sometimes figured as a snake, defeated by Marduk

Tiamat

- children of Gaea and Uranus, fought the Olympian gods

Titans

- snake monster defeated by Zeus, born from Gaea and Tartarus as Gaea’s ultimate weapon against Olympians

Typhoeus

- sky, father with Gaea to earliest living beings

Uranus

- storm god, king of the Olympians, enforces justice, hospitality, youngest son of Cronus and Rhea

Zeus