Squires GOV 2305 Final Exam

In the first-past-the-post system a candidate needs a majority of votes to win.

false

While each state has two senators, members of the House are apportioned ________.

according to the state's population

A treaty and executive agreement are the same thing.

false

Both state and federal courts hear matters that involve ________.

both civil and criminal law

Which of the following models of bureaucracy best accounts for the way bureaucracies tend to push Congress for more funding each year?

Acquisitive model

________ is a policy in which a country allows the unfettered flow of goods and services between itself and other countries

free trade

Which of the following is an aspect of iron triangles?

a symbiotic relationship among Congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

The justices of the Supreme Court are ________.

nominated by the president and confirmed by the senate

All the following are examples of sharply focused foreign policy outputs except ________.

international agreements

Bureaucrats are civil servants.

true

A very challenging job for new presidents is to______.

nominate and gain confirmation for their cabinet and hundreds of other officials

A joint committee is:

a legislative committee consisting of members from both chambers that investigates certain topics

Which statement is true?

Collective goods offer broadly distributed benefits, while private goods offer particularized benefits.

Which supporter of federalism warned people about the dangers of political parties?

George Washington

The reallocation of House seats between the states to account for population changes happens after every presidential election.

False

Efficacy is the belief that you make a difference and that government cares about you and your viewsthe belief that you make a difference and that government cares about you and your views.

true

_________ is the presiding officer of the House of Representatives.

speaker

How did the election of 1824 change the way presidents were selected?

The selection of the candidate with fewer electoral votes triggered the rise of party control over nominations.

A concurring opinion is an opinion written by a justice who disagrees with the majority opinion of the Court.

false

Which describes the ideal bureaucracy according to Max Weber?

An apolitical, hierarchically organized agency.

Why do House members and senators tend to be less active on foreign policy matters than domestic ones?

Constituents are more directly affected bydomestic policy topics than foreign ones.

When a Supreme Court ruling is made, justices may write a ________ to show they agree with tthe majority but for different reasons.

concurring opinion

The U.S. policy of containment during the Cold War related to keeping ________.

communism from spreading

An example of a government corporation is ________.

Amtrak

________ is a person who represents an organization before government in an attempt to influence policy.

Lobbyist

Which of the following is an unintended consequence of the rise of the primary and caucus system?

Sometimes candidates unpopular with the party leadership reach the top.

____________ is a system in which the winner of an election is the candidate who wins the greatest number of votes cast.

First-past-the-post

The saying "All politics is local" roughly means ________.

the local constituents tend to care about things that affect them

The list of cases pending on a court's calendar is known as:

docket

a person who publicizes misdeeds committed within a bureaucracy or other organization is known as:

whistleblower

A sole executive agreement is likely to be in effect longer than is a treaty.

false

President Theodore Roosevelt's concept of the bully pulpit was the office's ________.

premier position to pressure through public appeal

Stopping a filibuster requires that ________.

the chamber votes for cloture

Someone who lobbies on behalf of a company that he or she works for as part of his or her job is ________.

an in-house-lobbyist

Organizations made up of groups of people with similar interests that try to directly influence public policy through their members who seek and hold public office are not as:

political parties

There are only two political parties in the United States.

false

Why might several competing corporations join together in an association?

all of the above

The Great Compromise successfully resolved differences between ________.

large and small states

The office charged with producing the president's budget, overseeing its implementation, and overseeing the executive is called:

Office of Management and Budget

The lawyer who represents the federal government and argues cases before the Supreme Court is the ________.

Solicitor general

When reformers speak of bureaucratic privatization, they mean all the following processes except ________.

whistleblowing

Which of the following is not a foreign policy type?

bureaucratic oversight

The Vietnam War was an example of containment policy.

true

The Civil Service Commission was created by the ________.

Pendleton Act of 1883

Civil law is non-criminal law defining private rights and remedies.

true

The passage of the Tenure of Office Act of 1867 was just one instance in a long line of ________.

struggles for power between the president and the Congress

Material incentives are substantive monetary or physical benefits given to group members to help over come collective action problems.

true

Party polarization is the shift of party positions from moderate towards ideological extremes.

True

House leaders are more powerful than Senate leaders because of ________.

the majoritarian nature of the House—a majority can run it like a cartel

The Supreme Court most typically functions as ________.

An appeals court

The "spoils system" allocated political appointments on the basis of ________.

party loyalty

The War Powers Resolution ________.

set limits on presidential war powers

Among the powers of the president is the line item veto.

false

Which of the following is an implied power of Congress?

the power to regulate the sale of tobacco in the states

Which of the following is the best example of a solidary benefit?

joining a group to be with others like you

________ are members of the voting public who consider themselves part of a political party or who consistently prefer the candidates of one party over the other.

party-in-the-electorate

Which of the following does not represent a major contributing factor in party realignment?

demographic shifts

What is a difference between a PAC and a super PAC?

PACs can contribute directly to candidates, but super PACs cannot.

A select committee is different from a standing committee because ________.

a select committee is convened for a specific and temporary purpose, while a standing committee is permanent

Which of the following is an example of an executive agreement?

The president signs legally binding nuclear arms terms with Iran without seeking congressional approval.

A case will be placed on the Court's docket when ________ justices agree to do so.

four

Two recent periods of large-scale bureaucratic expansion were ________.

the 1930s and the 1960s

The situation in which no one nation or region is much more powerful militarily than any other in the world is known as:

balance of power

The Supreme Court consists of ________.

one chief justice and eight associate justices

During George Washington's administration, there were ________ cabinet positions.

four

The goals of U.S. foreign policy include ________.

all of the above

The people who make up the modern president's cabinet are the heads of the major federal departments and ________.

must be confirmed by the Senate

In the House, the majority leader is the functional leader.

false

Revolving door laws are designed to do which of the following?

prevent lawmakers from utilizing their legislative relationships by becoming lobbyists immediately after leaving office

In which type of electoral system do voters select the party of their choice rather than an individual candidate?

proportional representation

A shifting of party alliances within the electorate is known as:

party realignment

Sources such as fellow lawmakers, constituents, and interest groups that lawmakers use to help them decide how to vote, especially on unfamiliar issues are known as:

voting cues

the political process that results from dividing a legislature into two separate assemblies is called _________.

bicameralism

Besides the Supreme Court, there are lower courts in the national system called ________.

district and circuit courts

The Freedom of Information Act of 1966 helps citizens exercise oversight over the bureaucracy by ________.

opening government records to citizenscrutiny

The federal budget process matters in foreign policy for all the following reasons except ________.

the budget for every presidential action hasto be approved in advance

In terms of formal powers in the realm of foreign policy, ________.

the president and Congress share power

The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 created the Office of Personnel Management and the ________.

Merit Systems Protection Board

In Federalist No. 78, Alexander Hamilton characterized the judiciary as the ________ branch of government.

least dangerous

The powers given explicitly to the federal government by the Constitution to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, raise and support armies, declare war, coin money, and conduct foreign affairs are known as:

enumerated powers

_________ is a benefit that generally accrues to a narrow segment of society.

particularized benefit

________ is a condition in which one or more houses of the legislature is controlled by the party in opposition to the executive.

divided government

What type of incentives appeal to someone's concern about a cause?

purposive incentives

________ is a model of representation in which representatives feel at liberty to actin the way they believe is best for their constituents.

trustee

The Supreme Court's power of judicial review ________.

enables it to declare acts of the otherbranches unconstitutional

Neoconservativism is an isolationist foreign policy approach of a nation keeping to itself and engaging less internationally.

false

The process of redistricting can present problems for congressional representation because ________.

districts are often drawn to benefit partisan groups

A written legal argument presented to a court by one of the parties in a case is called a _________.

brief

Saying a bill is being marked up is just another way to say it is being ________.

amended

In standing by precedent, a judge relies on the principle of ________.

stare decisis

Of all the court cases in the United States, the majority are handled ________.

at the state level

One of the main ways interest groups participate in Supreme Court cases is by ________.

filing amicus curiae briefs

The power of a court to hear a case for the first time is called:

original jurisdiction