Chemistry - Forms of Energy (Study Guide)

energy

The ability to do work

mechanical energy

The energy of an object due to its motion and position

thermal (heat) energy

The vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances

nuclear energy

Energy stored in the center of atoms

Law of Conservation of Energy

The scientific rule that states energy cannot be created or destroyed

sound energy

The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves

potential energy

Energy that is stored

kinetic energy

Energy in motion

electromagnetic energy

Energy traveling in transverse waves

chemical energy

Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules

mechanical energy

Energy that can be all potential, all kinetic, or a mixture of both

electrical energy

The movement of electrons

energy efficiency

The amount of useful energy you get from a system

electromagnetic

X-rays (an example of _____ energy)

nuclear

Fission and Fusion (examples of _____ energy)

electrical

Lightning (an example of _____ energy)

conduction

heat transfer through contact

convection

heat transferred through circular currents

radiation

heat transfer through waves

Why does radioactive decay occur?

There is an imbalance in the number of protons and/or neutrons

What are the 3 main types of radioactive decay? (least powerful to most powerful)

alpha, beta, gamma

Alpha decay expressed in a chemical equation

4/2 He

Beta decay expressed in a chemical equation

0/-1 e

What is half life?

The amount of time it takes or half of a radioactive substance to decay