Quiz #4 - CNS - The Brain Stem and Cerebellum (A&P)

The most inferior portion of the brain is the __________.

Medulla Oblongata

The medulla oblongata connects to the spinal cord through the __________.

foramen magnum

Cranial nerve nuclei in the medulla oblongata serve as a __________ center for information.

relay

The reticular formation in the medulla consists of medial group, lateral group, and __________ nuclei.

raphe

The cardiovascular centers in the medulla regulate __________, force of contraction, and blood flow.

heart rate

The respiratory centers in the medulla regulate __________ and depth of breathing.

breathing rate

The inferior olivary nuclei serve as a relay station for __________ information.

proprioceptive

Touch, pressure, and proprioception are relayed to the parietal lobe via the __________.

thalamus

The pyramids in the white matter of the medulla carry __________ motor information.

somatic

The crossing over of motor information occurs at the __________ tracts.

decussation

The inferior cerebellar peduncles connect the medulla to the __________.

cerebellum

The bulged region between the medulla and midbrain is known as the __________.

pons

The apneustic and pneumotaxic centers in the pons are responsible for __________ control.

respiratory

Pontine nuclei act as relay centers connecting motor tracts from the __________ to the cerebellum.

cerebrum

The white matter in the pons contains __________ tracts that carry information up to superior regions.

ascending

Transverse pontine fibers connect the left and right __________ hemispheres.

cerebellar

The midbrain is located between the __________ and pons.

diencephalon

The central tube in the midbrain is known as the __________ aqueduct.

cerebral

The midbrain is divided into the tectum and cerebral __________.

peduncles

The superior colliculi in the corpora quadrigemina function as a relay center for __________ reflexes.

visual

The red nucleus in the midbrain is involved in regulating __________ movements.

limb

The substantia nigra in the midbrain is linked to basal __________.

nuclei

Degeneration in the substantia nigra is the cause of __________ disease.

Parkinson's

Periaqueductal gray matter links the perception of fear to the __________ response.

Fight or flight

The cerebellum is located __________ to the pons and medulla oblongata.

dorsal

The cerebellum is separated from the pons and medulla by the __________ ventricle.

fourth

The cerebellum consists of two wide regions known as __________ hemispheres.

cerebellar

Surface folds on the cerebellum are referred to as __________.

folia

The outer gray matter of the cerebellum is called __________ cortex.

cerebellar

The inner white matter of the cerebellum is known as __________ vitae.

arbor

Deep gray matter in the cerebellum functioning as a relay center is called __________ cerebellar nuclei.

deep

The folia in the cerebellum are responsible for coordinating __________ movements.

planned

The cerebellar cortex is involved in the storage and retrieval of __________ memory.

motor

Cranial nerve nuclei in the medulla function as relay centers for information into and out of the __________ nerves.

cranial

The reticular formation in the pons helps control the activity of __________ centers in the medulla oblongata.

respiratory

Cerebellar peduncles connect the midbrain to the __________.

cerebellum

The gray matter in the midbrain that controls voluntary movement is the __________ nigra.

substantia

The control of visceral pain can be managed by the __________ gray matter.

periaqueductal

The inferior colliculi serve as a relay center for __________ reflexes.

auditory

The pyramidal tracts located within the cerebral peduncles carry information for __________ motor function.

somatic

Both the cerebellar and cerebral peduncles participate in the coordination of __________ between regions of the brain.

information

The deep cerebellar nuclei relay information to other __________ regions.

brain

The reticular formation functions in both the medulla oblongata and the __________.

pons

Medulla oblongata contains relay nuclei for cranial nerve nuclei, including proprioception and __________.

touch

The connection between the medulla and the cerebellum is established by the inferior __________ peduncles.

cerebellar

The location of the red nucleus in the midbrain is characterized by its rich __________ supply.

blood

The respiratory centers in the medulla also regulate the __________ of breath.

depth

Motor information crosses over in the __________ of the medulla.

pyramids

The function of the periaqueductal gray matter includes the response to __________ pain.

visceral

The substantia nigra is darker due to the accumulation of __________ pigment.

melanin

The cerebellum is separated from the rest of the brain by the __________ ventricle.

fourth

The cerebellar cortex is involved in both the coordination of movement and the __________ of motor memory.

retrieval

The inferior olivary nuclei serve as a relay station for information on __________.

proprioception

The bulging structure of the pons also contains nuclei that regulate __________ rhythms.

breathing

The cerebral aqueduct divides the midbrain into two regions: tectum and __________ peduncles.

cerebral

Motor tracts from the cerebral cortex pass through the __________ tracts.

pyramidal

The deep cerebellar nuclei are primarily involved in __________ information leaving the cerebellum.

relaying