VI. Davies- Quality Assurance/ Quality control of equipment

Aid in the setup and quality assurance of displays and cameras

The purpose of the SMPTE test pattern is to:

A. Determine transducer sensitivity

B. Measure penetration

C. Measure axial resolution

D. Measure lateral resolution

E. Aid in the setup and quality assurance of displays and cameras

Lateral resolution has deteriorated with depth

What conclusion can be reached by comparing the rods labeled A and B in this phantom image?

A. Lateral resolution has deteriorated with depth.

B. Elevational resolution has deteriorated with depth.

C. Lateral resolution is best with the rods labeled B.

D. Axial resolution is best with the rods labeled B.

E. System sensitivity prohibits comparisons between the sets of rods.

Linear curve

The graphic overlay on this phantom image represents a gray-scale assignment curve. What type of curve is being used?

a. S-curve

b. Root curve

c. Linear curve

d. Light curve

e. None of the above

Axial resolution

The rods depicted by the arrows in this phantom are used to determine what feature of the machine?

A. Contrast resolution

B. Penetration

C. Lateral resolution

D. Measurement accuracy

E. Axial resolution

Elevational

In this phantom image, two fluid-filled tubes are present. What type of resolution is being evaluated?

a. Axial

b. Lateral

c. Contrast

d. Elevational

e. Temporal

The slice-thickness resolution at the level of tube B is worse than that at the level of tube A.

. You are using a conventional linear array transducer to image the phantom in the previous question. Why does the tube labeled B contain echoes, whereas the tube labeled A does not?

A. Since axial resolution decreases with depth, artifactual echoes are displayed from above and below the tube.

B. The frame rate is too slow to display the deeper tube accurately.

C. The slice-thickness resolution at the level of tube B is worse than that at the level of tube A.

D. The electronic focusing at the level of tube A is more powerful than that at the level of tube B.

E. The dynamic receive focusing cannot work at the depth of tube B.

All of the above

Which of the following should be regularly checked as a component of a quality control program?

A. System penetration

B. Image uniformity

C. Assurance of electric safety

D. Distance measurement accuracy

E. All of the above

Lateral resolution

What is being measured on the three rods in the center of this image?

A. Axial resolution

B. Penetration

C. Elevational resolution

D. Lateral resolution

E. Temporal resolution

Distance from the transducer to the first identifiable echo

What is meant by the "dead zone" in performance testing?

A. B-mode penetration distance

B. Level at which the ultrasound signal is the same strength as the electronic noise

C. Doppler signal obtained at 90°

D. Doppler penetration distance

E. Distance from the transducer to the first identifiable echo

Ability of the system to detect weak echoes

Which of the following describes sensitivity?

A. Ability of the system to detect weak echoes

B. Ability of the system to demonstrate highly reflective interfaces

C. Ability of the system to differentiate between two different structures with slightly varying amplitudes

D. Ability of the system to distinguish between two closely spaced structures parallel to the beam

E. Ability of the system to distinguish between two closely spaced structures perpendicular to the beam

Transducer A has less penetration than transducer B

These two phantom images were obtained with maximum gain and acoustic power using two different transducers. What information can be obtained by

this comparison?

A. Transducer A has less penetration than transducer B

B. Lateral resolution is best with transducer B.

C. Axial resolution is best with transducer B.

D. B and C only

E. All of the above

Doppler accuracy

String test objects are used to evaluate:

A. Contrast resolution

B. Axial resolution

C. Doppler accuracy

D. Elevational resolution

E. Lateral resolution

Acoustic pressure output

A hydrophone measures:

A. Acoustic pressure output

B. Doppler accuracy

C. Penetration

D. Contrast resolution

E. Measurement accuracy

Dark vertical bands beginning at the top of the image

Which best describes the effect of damaged transducer elements in the B-mode image?

A. Dark vertical bands beginning at the top of the image

B. Bright image

C. Cold transducer

D. Decreased frame rate

E. Horizontal banding

Cidex

Transducers should NOT be cleaned with:

A. Soap and water

B. Ultraviolet light (or radiation)

C. An autoclave

D. Gas

E. Cidex

b

What letter represents the strain relief portion of the transducer?

all

Use of a transducer should be discontinued if a crack appears in the following area.

d

The transducer lens, which may be easily damaged by mechanical shock, is represented by letter:

Electric interference pattern

The repetitive pattern seen in the far field of this image is most likely a result of:

A. Damage to the lens or transducer crystals

B. Electric interference pattern

C. Damaged connector pins

D. Malfunction of the transmitter

E. None of the above

Damage to the lens or transducer crystals

What maintenance issue is demonstrated in this image?

A. Damage to the lens or transducer crystals

B. Electric interference pattern

C. Damaged connector pins

D. Malfunction of the transmitter

E. None of the above

A and B

The end result of the issue from the question above is:

A. Degradation of image quality

B. Underestimation of maximum flow velocity

C. Electric shock

D. Overheating

E. A and B

Glutaraldehyde

Which of the following is a commonly recommended ingredient in cleansers for intracavitary probes?

A. Acetone

B. lodine

C. Betadine

D. Bleach

E. Glutaraldehyde

All of the above

An ultrasound system preventive maintenance program should include:

A. Cleaning of air filters

B. Visual inspection of probes

C. Transducer testing

D. External cleaning of the system

E. All of the above

All of the above

What can you test with a Doppler flow phantom?

A. Range-gate accuracy

B. Spectral Doppler velocity accuracy

C. Color Doppler penetration

D. A and B only

E. All of the above

Slice thickness

This phantom is used to detect:

A. Lateral resolution

B. Axial resolution

C. Slice thickness

D. Dead zone

E. Contrast resolution

Closely spaced targets of varying distances

In an ultrasound phantom, the targets typically used for measuring axial resolution are:

A. Multiple round fluid-filled structures

B. Multiple round hyperechoic simulated lesions

C. Multiple equidistant rods

D. Closely spaced targets of varying distances

E. Long fluid-filled tubes

Lateral resolution

Measuring the lateral width of a target on an ultrasound phantom is most closely related to:

A. Lateral resolution

B. Contrast resolution

C. Elevational resolution

D. Axial resolution

E. Temporal resolution

You will not be able to clear an anechoic tube oriented with its axis in the scan plane.

You are using a transducer with poor elevational resolution. What problem will most likely be encountered as a result?

A. Small structures closely spaced together along the path of the beam will not be separated.

B. Two closely spaced structures in a plane perpendicular to the beam will not be separated.

C. You will not be able to accurately measure structures oriented perpendicular to the beam.

D. You will not be able to clear an anechoic tube oriented with its axis in the scan plane.

E. High-contrast spherical objects will not be correctly imaged.

Maximum gain, maximum acoustic output

When measuring penetration on a tissue-mimicking phantom, how should you adjust the receiver gain and acoustic output?

A. Minimum gain, maximum acoustic output

B. Maximum gain, maximum acoustic output

C. Maximum gain, minimum acoustic output

D. Minimum gain, minimum acoustic output

E. It does not matter how the gain and acoustic output are set when measuring penetration.

AIT-SIC item.