ASEAN Literature

Midterms

Asia’s Pearl of the Orient

For the richness of its culture and the beauty of its landscape, the Philippines is called

7,100 but now 7,641 islands

The Philippines is an archipelago that is comprised by how many islands

The Philippines

Blessed with a moderate climate making it an ideal sun holiday destination.

Manila

Capital and chief city of the Philippines. The city is the centre of the country’s economic, political, social, and cultural activity. It is located on the island of Luzon and spreads along the eastern shore of Manila Bay at the mouth of the Pasig River.

1975

By presidential decree, when did Manila and its contiguous cities and municipalities were integrated to function as a single administrative region, known as Metropolitan Manila (also called the National Capital Region); the Manila city proper encompasses only a small proportion of that area.

Maynilad

The original name of Manila

The Filipinos

Are family oriented and often religious with an appreciation for art, fashion, music and food.

Competitive Karaoke

Having originated in Japan, this fun pastime found itself on Philippine shores very quickly.

Bayanihan

As a country that is prone to typhoons and volcano eruptions, Filipinos have seen their fair share of natural calamities.

Fiestas

Most provinces have a patron saint and celebrate this in their honour.

Four-month Christmas

In the Philippines, they start celebrating three months early, giving them the longest Christmas season in the world! It starts as soon as the "Ber-Months" do — SeptemBER, OctoBER, NovemBER and … DecemBER!

Filipinos love to eat. . . and drink!

Although this rings true for all cultures and countries, the jovial Filipino character is definitely best expressed through food.

Tagay

The oft-used Pinoy equivalent for cheers!

Genoveva Edroza-Matute

Isang tanyag na kwentista sa wikang Filipino na isinilang noong ika-13 ng Enero 1915.

Edroza-Matute

Nagtamo ng kauna-unahang Gawad Palanca para sa Maikling Kwento (1951) at ginawaran ng Sentrong Pangkultura ng Pilipinas ng Gawad CCP para sa Sining (1992).

Backstory

Tells the events of the story that happen before the present story.

Chekhov’s Gun

Tells of an inherent object inserted in the narrative.

Medias Res

Narration that starts at the middle of the story

Narrative Hook

Tells a catchy story opening to hook the attention of the readers

Hypodiegesis

Tells a story within a story

deus-ex- Machina

Tells a good character in a bad situation ensures the character wins with an unexpected or implausible used to resolve the situation.

Plot Twist

Tells a surprise ending

Poetic Justice

Tells a reward to the good characters and punishes the bad characters

Cliffhanger

Tells and abrupt ending which places the main characters in a perilous situation with no resolution.

Flashback

Tells an interjected scene of the story that takes it back in time from the current point in the story and is often used to tell the events that happened before another important event;

Flash forward

Tells a scene that takes the narrative to a future time from the current point of the story

Foreshadowing

Indicates or hints something is coming in the latter part of the story.

Style

Another convention that uses figures of speech like hyperbole, metonymy, euphemism, oxymoron and many more techniques.

Pathos or emotional appeal

Another style technique used to inspire or pity a character.

Sensory detail

Forms mental images of scenes using descriptive words;

Leitwortstil

Repeats on purpose the words that usually express a motif or theme important to the story

Dramatic Visualization

Presents an object or character with much description or gestures and dialogues making scenes vivid for the audience.

Feminism

Uplifts women goals by defining and establishing equality in the family, civil, social, political, and economic arena.

Feminist Literature

It is often associated with literary pieces written by women that deal with women in society. It also involves characters or ideas that chide the standard gender norms dominated by masculinity. This approach has an impact on the voice of women.

Vietnamese Literature

Developed at an early date. Despite the harsh trials of history in the form of repeated foreign invasion, its own characteristics remain.

Folk literature and written literature

Two majors components of Vietnamese literature which have developed simultaneously and are profoundly interrelated

Vietnamese Folk literature

Came into being very early and had a profound effect on the spiritual life of the Viet’s.

Written Literature

First appeared around the 10th century. It had a leading role and bore the main traits of Vietnamese literature.

Bandar Seri Begawan, formerly (until 1970) Brunei Town,

Capital of Brunei. The city lies along the Brunei River near its mouth on Brunei Bay, an inlet of the South China Sea on the northern coast of the island of Borneo.

Muslim

The office religion in Brunei

Malay

The official language in Brunei

Hassanal Bolkiah

The Sultan in the government of Brunei

Distraught

deeply upset and agitated.

Conflagration

an extensive fire which destroys a great deal of land or property.

Suspended

to stop something from being active, either temporarily or permanently

Mist

water in the form of particles floating or falling in the atmosphere at or near the surface of the earth and approaching the form of rain

Stumps

the part of something such as a tree, tooth, arm, or leg that is left after most of it has been removed

Smouldering

burn slowly with smoke but no flame.

Derrick

a kind of crane with a movable pivoted arm for moving or lifting heavy weights, especially on a ship.

Taunting

intended to provoke someone in an insulting or contemptuous manner.

Emblazoned

conspicuously inscribe or display a design on.

Protrude

extend beyond or above a surface.

Akimbo

with hands on the hips and elbows turned outward.

Frantic

wild or distraught with fear, anxiety, or other emotion.

The Philippines

It is home to centuries old churches, turn of the century mansions, ancient forts and modern museums.

Vietnamese Literature

It is includes two major components which have developed simultaneously and are profoundly interrelated: Folk literature and written literature

Written Literature

From the 10th century, literary works were written in Han (classical Chinese) and chu nom

Vietnamese quoc ngu (Romanized national Language)

Vietnamese written literature in the 20s and the following decades was written in this

Vietnamese Literature

Featured patriotism, national pride and humanism. It was not by chance that great cultural personalities such as Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Du and ho Chi Minh were also humanitists

Vietnam Literature

Is a literature, both oral and written, created largely by Vietnamese speaking people.

Ancestor worship, burning votive paper, wedding

Vietnamese Customs and Traditions

Yellow

In Brunei’s flag, it is the symbol of generosity

White

The symbol for peace and honesty in Brunei’s flag

Brunei

The major oil producer

Brunei

Flat coast with mountain regions in the East. Natural disasters are common. Prone to tsunamis on the Northern coast.

Brunei

Others religions are allowed, but are restricted. Some Christian holidays are recognized. 67% Muslim, 13% Buddhist, 10% Christian

Brunei

Mostly consists of Muslim clothing. Strict rules, no Western-like clothing. Some people can wear shorts, T-shirts, etc.

Brunei

Its government has a constitutional monarchy and is based on the English common law

Shariah Law

Can exceed constitution at times

Brunei

Heavily influenced by South East Asian countries. Slight influence from East Asian countries. Fish and rice are the staple foods. Beef and other meats are expensive. Alcohol is banned.

Brunei

The Sultan ruled from 16th century. Originally had more territory such as the Philippines. European influence ended the Sultan reign. Had a war with Spain for independence.

Brunei

Its art and literature was influenced by Sultanan rule and Traditional heritage. Mix of modernized art and traditional art

Den

A wild animal’s lair or habitation

Oasis

a fertile spot in a desert, where water is found

Tranquility

the quality or state of being tranquil; calm

Neoclassical

of, relating to, or constituting a revival or adaptation of the classical especially in literature, music, art, or architecture

Comport

conduct oneself, behave

Sultanate

a sovereign or vassal princely state- usually Muslim - where the rules is styled sultan. The office or position of sultan

Jungle

an area of land overgrown with dense forest and tangled vegetation, typically in the tropics

Produce

make or manufacture from components or raw materials

Gleaming

(of a smooth surface) reflecting light, typically because very clean or polished

Flora and fauna

refer to plants and animals in the broadest sense of the words, encompassing pretty much all life on earth

Subjects

a person or thing that is being discussed, described, or dealt with

Sampan

a flat-bottomed skiff used in eastern Asia and usually propelled by two short oars

Stilt

either of a pair of upright poles with supports for the feet enabling the user to walk at a distance above the ground

Poignant

evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret

Rucksack

a bag with shoulder straps that allow it to be carried on someone’s back, typically made of a strong, waterproof material and widely used by hikers; a backpack

Baju melayu

a form of traditional wear worn by the malay community

Egret

a heron with mainly white plumage, having long plumes in the breading season

Cutlery

knives, forks, and spoons used for eating or serving food

Harem

(in former times) the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants

Burmese

the mother tongue of the Bamar and official language of Myanmar.

Burmese

It is written in a script consisting of circular and semi-circular letters, which comes from the Mon script.

Mon script

The Mon language is a recognized indigenous language in Myanmar as well as a recognized indigenous language of Thailand.

Palm leaf (scratched with the stylus) and fold paper literature

In Myanmar’s literature it became common from 15th century up to the 19th century. Such work were filled with Buddhist piety and courtly refinement of language. The authors were monks, educated courters and court poetesses. Prose works during this period were few, mostly Buddhist scriptures and chronicles of kings.

Myanmar’s Literature

It was in the form of drama and epistles or missives, written in verse. Works on law and history were written in prose. Many dramas were written during the 16th to 18th centuries, while in the 19th century, poems, drama, and chronicles were produced.

Novels

A later development in Myanmar; the first was an adaptation of Alexander Dumas' The Count of Monte Cristo, but written in a Myanmar setting.

Modern Myanmar literature

Can be said to have had its beginnings in the 1930s when the University of Yangon was founded and the Department of Myanmar Studies established.

Khitsan Movement

A new development in Myanmar literature whose writers used a simple and direct style that has continued to this day

Burmese literature

Has historically been a very important aspect of Burmese life steeped in the Pali Canon of Buddhism. It played a key role in disseminating nationalism among the Burmese during the colonial era, with writers such as Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, an outspoken critic of British colonialism in Burma.