The Needs and Characteristics of a living thing

Main Objective- To describe the needs and characteristics of all living things

What do all living organism need to survive

Water, Nutrients, Space to live, Air (Oxygen and/or Carbon dioxide)

Why is water crucial for an organism

helps them carry out Cellular Activities

(Everything a cell needs to do to survive. Ex. DNA replication, protein synthesis, breaking down of food, and transport of waste and nutrients)

Why are nutrients crucial for an organism

It provides them with what they need to grow.

What are the 2 types of organisms that consume food differently

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Autotrophs are producers who synthesize their own food

Heterotrophs are consumers that consume food from outside sources.

Why do organisms need space to live

provides a place where they can get food, water, and shelter.

Organisms often compete for space.

Why do organisms need Air

Plants need CO2 for photosynthesis,

Both plants and animals need O2 for Cellular respiration.

What are the characteristics of a living thing

Cool Hippos Eat Really Tasty Green Red Cherries

C- Cells (are made of cells)

H- Homeostasis

E- Energy (Obtain and use energy)

R- Reproduction

T- Traits (Pass down traits to offspring)

G- Growth

R- Response (respond to environment)

C- Change (evolve over time)

What are the 2 cell classifications

Unicellular and Multicellular

What is Homeostasis

The ability to maintain internal conditions in response to environmental change (Ex. sweating, shivering, etc.)

What and why do organisms use energy

uses an energy currency called ATP (or Adenosine Triphosphate)

Powers daily functions and repairs/replaces damaged cells

how do organisms reproduce

Sexual and Asexual reproduction

How are traits passed down to offsprings in an organism and when does it occur

Traits are passed on through genes found in the genetic code (DNA and RNA)

Occurs in both reproductions

How do organisms grow

Using cells by number OR size

What is a cell

The smallest unit that has all the characteristics of a living thing

What are prokaryotes

Simple, unicellular organisms

no membrane bound organelles (no nucleus)

All are bacteria

What are Eukaryotes

Complex organisms

can be BOTH uni and multicellular

contains membrane-bound organelles like nucleus

what are unicellular organisms

Consists of one cell

can be both pro and eukaryotes

One cell carries out all functions

NO cell specialization

What are Multicellular organisms

Made of MORE than one cell

cell differentiation= different appearances and functions

cell specialization: cells are specialized to perform certain functions

What are some examples of cell specialization

Neurons, Red Blood Cells, Sperm cells, etc.

What is cell differentiation and how does it happen

result of gene expression

cells develop differently therefore having different appearances and functions

resulting in the making of different proteins

What is gene expression

genes turning on and off

most cells in body have the same DNA, cells only use DNA they need, rest is inactive.

What is stem cells

Stem cells are cells that can become any cell in the body due to not having gone through cell differentiation.

What is the chemical equation for Photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

What is the chemical equation for Cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ——> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

What is a Stomata

Tiny pores in the leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave.

Where is glucose stored in the plant

Within the vacuoles

Where does the water enter through

The water enters from the roots

Where is ATP created

the mitochondria

What is an adaptation

Characteristics that help an organism survive and reproduce in their environment (Structure and behaviours for food, mates, protection, and movement)

What is Hypothesis 1 of the origins of species

Aristotle’s theory.