8th Grade Science Concept 1.1 Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary terms and definitions covering motion, forces, energy, and Newton's laws from 8th Grade Science Concept 1.1 Study Guide.

Acceleration

A change in the velocity (speed, direction, or both) of a body.

Atmosphere

The layers of gases that surround a planet.

Contact

The act of touching.

Newton’s 3rd Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Force

A pull or push that is applied to an object.

Frame of Reference

An item against which the motion of an object can be measured.

Friction

A force that opposes the motion of a body across a surface or through a gas or liquid.

Kinetic Energy

The energy an object has due to its motion.

Kinetic Friction

A resistive force between two objects moving pass each other.

Magnitude

Size of ground movement caused by seismic waves due to energy released.

Mass

The amount of matter in an object.

Newton’s 1st Law

An object in motion remains in motion or an object at rest remains at rest, unless acted upon by a force.

Orbit

The circular path of an object as it revolves around another object.

Potential energy

The amount of energy that is stored in an object.

Speed

Distance traveled per unit of time.

Surface

The top of an object.

Velocity

The speed and direction of moving objects.

Weight

The force of gravity on an object.

Work

A force applied to an object over a distance.

Newton’s 2nd Law

Force equals mass times acceleration ($F = m \times a$).

Free fall

A condition where the only force acting on an object is gravity.

Gravitation

A natural phenomenon where all objects with mass attract each other.