Ch. 10 mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

is characterized by chronic excessive worrying

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

develops after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to an individual or someone else during which the person felt fear, helplessness, or was horrified

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

is characterized by recurrent obsessions, repetitive, distressing thoughts, and compulsions or repeatedly feeling compelled to do things

Phobia

is a persistent and irrational fear of a specific thing or situation that is strong enough to interfere with functioning.

Depression (major depressive disorder)

is characterized by lethargy, sadness, and a loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities

Narcissistic personality disorder

is a mental condition in which a person has an inflated sense of their own importance, a deep need for excessive attention and admiration, troubled relationships, and a lack of empathy for others

Antisocial personality disorder

is a mental health condition characterized by consistently disregarding and violating the rights of others around them

Borderline personality disorder

is a mental health disorder characterized by difficulty in regulating emotions, managing behaviors, and maintaining stable relationships

Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

is characterized by short attention span, lack of emotional regulation, and impulsive behavior inappropriate for developmental age

Dyslexia

is substandard reading achievement due to the brain’s inability to process symbols

Disruptive and impulsive control disorders

are a failure to resist impulse despite potential negative consequences.

Bipolar disorder

is a cycle of severe mood changes shifting between extreme highs (mania and euphoria) and severe lows (depression)

Anorexia nervosa

is voluntary starvation; characterized by low weight, food restriction, and distorted body image

Bulemia nervosa

is frequent binge eating followed by purging (induced vomiting, laxative abuse, enemas, and excessive exercise)

Delusion

is a false personal belief maintained despite evidence proving otherwise

Hallucination

is sensory perception experienced in the absence of external stimulation

Schizophernia

is a chronic brain disorder; symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, trouble thinking, and lack of motivation

Psychotropic drugs

act primarily on the CNS by producing temporary changes affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior

Antidepressants

prevent or relieve depression

Antipsychotic drugs

treat symptoms of severe disorders of thinking and mood associated with neurological and psychiatric illness

Anxiolytic drugs

temporarily relive anxiety and reduce tension

Mood-stabilizing drugs

treat mood instability and bipolar disorders

Stimulants

increase activity in certain areas of the brain to increase concentration and wakefulness. overuse can cause sleeplessness and palpitations

psychoanalysis

is the determination of mental disorders stemming from childhood. Used to gain insight into one's feelings and behavior.

Behavioral therapy

focuses on changing behavior by identifying problem behaviors and using rewards if appropriate behaviors are performed. 

Cognitive behavioral therapy

focuses on changing thoughts that affect a person’s emotions and actions

Hypnotherapy

produces an altered state of focused attention by use of hypnosis this making a person more willing to believe and act on suggestions