Southeastern Archaeology final

Cahokia first rises to prominence during the ?

Lohman Phase

Cahokia was abandoned around?

AD 1350( 750 yrs bp)

“Woodhenges” at Cahokia were probably?

Solar Calanders

Most Mississippian societies appear to have been organized as?

Chiefdoms

Brown notes that SECC depictions from Cahokia are executed in the _____ Style?

Braden

The rise of intensive maize agriculture in the Southeast coincides with the?

Medieval warm Period

Researchers now think that the “Vacant Quarter” with abandonment of large areas of the central Mississippi, lower Ohio, and lower Tennessee river valleys were caused by?

Megadroughts

Beans are added to the Mississippian diet around?

A.D 1200( 800 yrs bp)

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of Mississippian societies?

Seasonal residential mobility

During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries(400-500 yrs bp), Mississippian groups expanded into?

upland environments

In his Cahokia lecture, Tim Paukektat describes unusual ____ medicine lodges used to store sacred bundles?

T-shaped

According to King, Etowah reached it’s apex during the _____ phase?

Late Willbanks

Archaeologists have not excavated Etowah’s mound A, but they date its beginnings tp the Early Etowah phase because?

debrid in surrounding large borrow pits date to ca. A.D. 1000

Mound C at Etowah dates to the _____ phase and contained _____ graves?

Willbanks, 350

Pauketat notes that evidence for human sacrifices at Cahokia are found with?

Giant medicine poles or posts

European colonial and capitalists agendas created _____ across the native Southeast?

shatter zone

The Berry Site, which is accociated with Fort San Juan is located in ?

North Carolina

Pre-contact population of the sixteenth century southeast is estimated at?

1,300,000 to 4,000,000

The Southeastern slave trade operated from which colonial hub?

Charles Town, South Carolina(SC)

Southeastern native communal buildings or council houses are sometimes called?

nodal structures

Catawba-speaking people firs encounter Europeans in ?

A.D 1540

Chaotic “shatter zone” conditions in the 17th century communities in North Carolina Piedmont are reflected at Madison Cemetery(31Rk1), Upper Sauratown(31Sk1a), the William Klutts site(31Sk6) and the Fredricks site(31Or231) by ?

Dense cemeteries

The Bell Rattle Cabin site(Cherokee) is located in?

Eastern Tennessee

Catawba communities of the French-and-Indian War period(1750’s) are best documented in the archaeological record at the sites of?

Nassaw and Weyappee

Nineteenth-century Cherokee farmsteads, like the Bell Rattle Cabin site are typified by?

interior cellars or o:si

What is Number 1.?

Ozark Plateaus

What is Number 2.?

Cumberland River

What is Number 3.?

Cumberland Plateau

What is Number 4.?

Appalachian Plateau

What is Number 5.?

Ridge and Valley

What is Number 6.?

Blue RIdge

What is Number 7.?

Piedmont

What is Number 8.?

Great Pee Dee River

What is Number 9.?

Savannah River

What is Number 10.?

Oconee River

What is Number 11.?

Chattahoochie River

What is Number 12.?

Tennessee River

What is Number 13.?

Central Lowlands

What is Number 14.?

Cape Fear River

What is Number 15.?

Coastal Plain

What is Number 16.?

Tombigbee River

What is Number 17.?

Mississippi River

What is Number 18.?

Arkansas River

What is Number 19.?

Red River

What is number 1?

Spiro, OK

What is number 2?

Cahokia, IL

What is number 3?

Moundville, AL

What is number 4?

King, GA

What is number 5?

Etowah, GA

What is number 6?

Altamahaw, SC

What is number 7?

New Town, SC(Nassaw)

What is number 8?

Nassaw Town, SC

What is number 9?

Alarka, NC

What is number 10?

Cane Notch, TN

What is number 11?

Berry, NC

Essay Question One:

What is the significance of maize agriculture in the Southeast?

• agricultural advancements

• balanced nutrition

• settlement advancements

Essay Question Two:

Outline the Rise of Cahokia, and describe its significance to the development of Mississippian culture.

• began around the late woodland period

• rapid population growth and urbanization

• hierarchial society

• most extensive expression of the mississippian culture

• mound building

• migration populations

Essay Question Three:

What were the effects of volcanism on Southeastern climate and cultural patterns?

• caused cooling periods

• altered precipitation patterns

• scattered sunlight causing megadroughts

• changes in settlement patterns

• increased conflict

Essay Question Four:

Discuss the significance of corn(maize) to the development of Southeastern Native cultures.

• fundamental to agricultural practices

• social structures

• providing a reliable food source that supported population growth, trade, and cultural rituals.