RBT Study Flashcards

Flashcards for RBT exam prep

Frequency (Continuous Measurement)

A count of the number of times a behavior occurs per observation.

Duration (Continuous Measurement)

Amount of time from the beginning to the end of a behavior.

Latency (Continuous Measurement)

Elapsed time from onset of stimulus to the initiation of a response.

Inter-response time (Continuous Measurement)

Time between two successive responses.

Continuous Measurement

Data collection method that records every possible behavioral occurrence.

Rate

Frequency over time.

Partial Interval Recording (Discontinuous Measurement)

Records if behavior occurred at any point during an interval.

Whole Interval Recording (Discontinuous Measurement)

Records if behavior occurred throughout an entire interval.

Momentary Time Sampling (Discontinuous Measurement)

Records if behavior is occurring at a specific point in time.

Discontinuous Measurement

Records a sample of behavior that occurs during an observation.

Permanent Product

A tangible item or the observable effect on an environment that a behavior produces.

Line Graph (in ABA)

Most common type of graph; X-axis displays time, Y-axis displays behavior.

Baseline Data

Data taken before the intervention begins.

Behavioral Definitions (O.C.C.)

Objective, Clear, Complete; must be able to see and measure the behavior.

Single Stimulus Preference Assessment

Present one item at a time in random order and record client reaction.

Paired Stimulus/Forced Choice Preference Assessment

Present two stimuli at the same time and record which stimulus is chosen.

Multiple Stimulus WITH Replacement Preference Assessment

Chosen item stays in the array, unchosen items are replaced.

Multiple Stimulus WITHOUT Replacement Preference Assessment

Chosen item is removed from the array and not replaced.

Individualized Assessment Procedures

Observe client in natural environment, conduct preference assessments, assist in reinforcer assessments, collect data, and probe client skills.

Functional Assessment Procedures

Determine cause and effect relationship between environment and a behavior; types: experimental, descriptive (direct), indirect.

Experimental Functional Assessment

Explicitly arranging antecedents and consequences to determine effect on behavior.

Descriptive Functional Assessment

Direct observation in natural conditions.

Indirect Functional Assessment

Interviews, checklists, etc. without observing the client.

Skill Acquisition Plan Components

Identify skill deficit, create a goal, ID measurement procedures, collect baseline data, implement skill acquisition procedures, collect data to determine effectiveness, modify if needed.

Contingency

An if-then statement setting up reinforcement or punishment.

Unconditioned Reinforcers

Primary reinforcers that require no learning history (e.g., food, water, shelter).

Conditioned Reinforcers

Secondary reinforcers that have been paired and increase the future frequency of behavior (e.g., money, toys, tokens, praise).

Continuous Reinforcement

Reinforcement delivered after every occurrence of the target behavior.

Intermittent Reinforcement

Reinforcement delivered for some occurrences of behavior.

Fixed Ratio (FR)

Constant number of responses required for reinforcement.

Fixed Interval (FI)

Constant amount of time required between reinforcements.

Variable Ratio (VR)

Changing/average number of responses required for reinforcement.

Variable Interval (VI)

Changing/average amount of time required between reinforcements.

DTT (Discrete-Trial Teaching) Components

SD, Prompt, Response, Consequence, Inter-trial interval.

Error Correction

Corrective feedback, represent SD with prompt, lower level reinforcement, distractor trial, represent trial independently, reinforce.

Mass Trials

Presenting a single SD for new material multiple times.

Block Trials

Present a block of one SD followed by a block of another SD.

Random Rotation

Present random mastered targets in a randomized order.

Natural Environment Teaching (NET)

Teaching using learning opportunities that occur during natural situations; good for verbal skills and generalization.

Task Analysis

Breaks complex skills into simpler steps to form a task chain.

Forward Chaining

Teach and reinforce the first step, prompt remaining steps.

Backward Chaining

Teach and reinforce the last step, prompt up to the last step.

Total Task Chaining

Complete the entire task chain and reinforce.

Discrimination Training

Responses are reinforced in the presence of one stimulus condition (SD) but not another; involves differential reinforcement.

Stimulus Transfer Control

Behavior evoked by one SD comes under the control of a different SD.

Prompting

Evokes a desired response.

Generalization

Client demonstrates a response/behavior learned in the training environment in an untrained environment.

Response Generalization

A single stimuli evokes a trained response and other responses.

Stimulus Generalization

Multiple stimuli evoke the same singular response.

Shaping

Teaching a terminal behavior in successive approximations.

Differential Reinforcement (Shaping)

Reinforce the target behavior and put all other behaviors on extinction; teaches novel behaviors.

Token Economy

A system of generalized conditioned reinforcers.

Behavior Reduction Plan Components

Identify target behavior, assess antecedents/consequences, identify function, identify replacement behaviors, select procedures, crisis intervention plan, implementation, modification, generalization, and maintenance.

Four Functions of Behavior

Tangible, Attention, Sensory/Automatic, Escape/Avoidance.

Discriminative Stimuli (SD)

A cue that signals that the behavior will be reinforced or punished.

Motivating Operations (MO)

A variable that changes the value of a reinforcer.

Establishing Operations (EO)

Increases effectiveness of a reinforcer.

Abolishing Operations (AO)

Decreases the effectiveness of a reinforcer.

Differential Reinforcement

Increasing desirable behaviors by reinforcing while decreasing undesirable behaviors by withholding reinforcement.

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behaviors (DRA)

Reinforcing desirable alternative behaviors while withholding reinforcement for target behaviors.

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors (DRO)

Reinforces the absence of the problem behavior for a specific amount of time.

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI)

Identifying behavior that is incompatible to the problem behavior and reinforcing it when it occurs.

Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Responding (DRL)

Reinforcing fewer occurrences of a behavior or longer time intervals between each behavior.

Extinction Procedure

Withholding reinforcement from a previously reinforced undesirable behavior.

Extinction Burst

Temporary increase of the rate/intensity of the problem behavior when extinction procedures are first introduced.

Spontaneous Recovery

Target behavior reappears after it has decreased or has become extinguished.

Personal Safety Procedures (PSP)

Maintain your own safety when working with a client who may demonstrate challenging behaviors.

Crisis Prevention Intervention (CPI)

Maintain your client's safety when they are demonstrating challenging behavior.

RBT Communication with Supervisors

Regular communication, questions about intervention plans, and inform of variables that could affect services.

Session Note - SOAP

Subjective (parent/guardian reports), Objective (observations), Assessment (how session went/changes), Plan (plan for next session).

Data Collection and HIPAA

Comply with HIPAA, store data securely, maintain confidentiality.

Role of an RBT

Practice under a BCBA, direct implementation of treatment plans, collect and analyze data, assist with skill acquisition.

RBT Supervision Requirements

At least 5% of total hours worked monthly, with a minimum of 2 contacts a month.

RBT Response to Feedback

Actively listen, clarify questions, and implement feedback to improve client services.

RBT Communication with Stakeholders

Focus on implementing clinical programs, discuss accidents, programs presented, injuries, and target behaviors.

RBT Professional Boundaries

Avoid dual relationships, conflicts of interest, and social media contacts.

Client Rights

Informed consent, confidentiality, and timely access to specialty care.