Cellular aerobic respiration

Cellular aerobic respiration

Process through which cells in living organisms break down glucose and other organic molecules to produce energy in the form of ATP.

Where does cellular respiration take place?

In the mitochondria.

What does cellular respiration use?

Uses glucose and O2.

What does cellular respiration create?

ATP.

What does cellular respiration release?

CO2.

How many stages in cellular respiration?

3 main stages.

How many molecules are created in cellular respiration?

36-38 ATP per glucose molecule.

Glycolysis

Biochemical pathway in which glucose molecule is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate (pyruvic acid).

Where does glycolysis happen?

Happens in the cytosol of the cell.

What does glycolysis not need?

No oxygen needed.

What happens before aerobic cellular respiration?

Glycolysis.

What does glycolysis produce?

NADH.

How many molecules are created in glycolysis?

2 ATP.

Krebs cycle

Uses pyruvate to make 2 CO2, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 ATP.

How many molecules are created in Krebs cycle?

2 ATP.

Where does Krebs cycle happen?

Happens in the mitochondrial matrix.

Electron transport chain (ETC)

NADH and FADH2 generated in glycolysis and Krebs cycle donate electrons to the ETC. Creates ATP using energy from electron transfer.

How many molecules are created in ETC?

32-34 ATP.

Where does ETC happen?

Happens in the INNER mitochondrial membrane.

Glucose compound

C6 H12 O6.

ATP

Energy carrying molecule in cells.

Pyruvic acid

Organic acid that plays a role in metabolism. Is like a bridge between carbohydrate metabolism and Krebs cycle.

NADH

Energy carrier molecule.

FADH2

Acts as an electron carrier, donating high-energy electrons to the chain, which then generates ATP, the cell's main energy currency.

Acetyl CoA

Compound that is synthesized by cells and plays a major role in metabolism.

Oxaloacetic acid

Four carbon compound of Krebs cycle that combines with acetyl CoA to form citric acid.

Fermentation

Anaerobic process that breaks down sugars into simpler compounds starts with glycolysis. Does not make ATP but allows glycolysis to continue.

Lactic acid fermentation

Occurs in your muscle cells. Produces lactic acid, which results in muscle fatigue and cramps. Produces NADH+ that goes back to glycolysis.

Alcoholic fermentation

Produces alcohol and carbon dioxide. Also produces NAD+ that goes back into glycolysis.