Block 3 TA Exam Review Questions

A patient loses innervation to the Cremaster muscle. What nerve is likely damaged?

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

What is not a content of the spermatic cord?

Femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve

A middle aged man presents to the ER with pain in the groin area around Hesselbach’s triangle. The MD diagnoses him with a hernia that does not pass through the inguinal canal and has a low risk of strangulation. What was the likely diagnosis?

Direct Inguinal Hernia

What is one retroperitoneal organ?

Duodenum

What is the clinical significance of the Douglas pouch?

Fluid accumulation site in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in females

True or False. The Biliary System can be found in the midgut?

False

A newborn is struggling to feed and develops a respiratory problem immediately after feeding. Physicians determine that the newborn’s esophagus and trachea are abnormally connected and the milk is flowing into the baby’s lungs. What is the proper diagnosis for this condition?

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

A male infant presents to the ER with projectile, non-bilious vomiting. Upon examination, the practitioner reveals a small knot at the right costal margin. What is the likely diagnosis?

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

What is the purpose of chief cells in the body and fundus of the stomach?

Produces pepsinogen

Which part of the duodenum contains the major duodenal papilla?

2nd

A 2 year old child presents with pain similar to appendicitis, but it has been ruled out through testing. Physicians determine that there is an out-pocketing located 2 feet from the ileocecal valve. What are potential ectopic tissues found in the area?

Gastric and Pancreatic

What is not true Hirschsprung’s Disease?

90% restricted to the cecum

Where is bile produced and stored?

Liver, Gallbladder

Explain the function of cholecystokinin

Released from the duodenum following a fatty meal, causes gallbladder contraction to release bile

A middle aged woman appears to the ER with eight of her children. She has a severe sunburn in the middle of winter and it requires three of her children to lift her onto the exam table. Physicians determine that she likely has gallstones. Where are they lodged?

Ampulla of Vater

Which cells secrete glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin, respectively?

Alpha, Beta, Delta

What is the spleen’s function during blood hemostasis?

Remove Howell-Jolly bodies for RBC maturation

What is the Zona Glomerulosa of the adrenal gland responsible for producing?

Mineralocorticoids

True or False. The ovaries and the fallopian tubes have a direct connection for the transmission of the egg to the uterus.

False

True or False. Endometriosis is responsible for infertility in about 1/3 of infertility patients.

True

A surgical patient explains that she just began her menstrual period on that day. The surgeon records that the patient is on what day of her menses?

0

Progesterone levels are found to be the highest during what phase and days of the menstraul cycle?

Luteal Day, Days 14-28

What hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum?

Progesterone

True or False. The membranous part of the male urethra is the most susceptible to injury due to being fixed and less mobile.

True

True or False. Spermatozoa mature in the seminiferous ducts before being transported to the epididymis for ejaculation.

False