Understanding the Dynamics of Human Motivation

A comprehensive set of 60 vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to human motivation based on the provided lecture notes.

Motivation

A process in which goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained.

Intrinsic Motivation

Undertaking an activity for inherent satisfaction and enjoyment.

Extrinsic Motivation

Engaging in activities to earn rewards or avoid punishments.

Overjustification Effect

Diminished intrinsic motivation caused by excessive external rewards.

Self-Determination Theory (SDT)

A theory explaining intrinsic motivation and the importance of psychological needs.

Basic Psychological Needs Theory

A component of SDT focusing on competence, autonomy, and relatedness.

Competence

The need to gain mastery and control over one's life and environment.

Autonomy

The need to feel in control of one's own life and decisions.

Relatedness

The need to experience belonging and connection with others.

Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT)

A theory explaining motivation as a product of expectancy and the perceived value of outcomes.

Expectancy

An individual’s belief that they can successfully complete a task.

Value (in EVT)

The importance or desirability of the outcomes of a task.

Motivation Formula

Motivation = Expectancy (E) x Value (V).

Intrinsic Value

Enjoyment or interest in the task being performed.

Attainment Value

Personal importance of doing well on a task.

Utility Value

Perceived usefulness or relevance of the task for future goals.

Cost (in EVT)

Time and opportunities given up for the task.

Schunk et al. (2014) on Motivation

Defined as 'a process in which goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained.'

Ryan & Deci (2020) on Intrinsic Motivation

Describes it as engaging in behaviors of inherent interest or rewards.

Types of Extrinsic Motivation

Includes reward-based, fear-based, and power-based motivation.

Feedback

Information given to individuals about their performance.

Amotivation

A lack of any motivation.

External Regulation

Motivated by external demand or reward.

Introjected Regulation

Motivated by ego enhancements to maintain feelings of worth.

Identified Regulation

Conscious valuing and accepting the goal as personally important.

Integrated Regulation

Deep internalization of values leading to intrinsic motivation.

Cognitive Evaluation Theory

Explains how social context affects intrinsic motivation and perceived competence.

Perceived Locus of Causality

The degree to which an individual attributes behavior to internal or external factors.

Zig Ziglar on Motivation

Describes motivation as the fuel necessary to keep the human engine running.

Goal-Directed Activity

Action oriented towards achieving specific outcomes.

Psychological Wellbeing

A state of mental health and positive psychological functioning.

Self-Concept

The perception or image of oneself.

Self-Efficacy

Belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.

Social Influences (on Motivation)

Impact of others on an individual's motivation.

Perceived Task Difficulty

An individual's judgment of how easy or hard a task is.

Cognitive Function

Mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension.

Motivation in Education

The role of motivation in learning and student engagement.

Performance Feedback

The information an individual receives on their performance.

Social Learning Compliance

Following social norms and expectations based on external rewards.

Behavior Change

The process of altering behavior patterns.

Engagement

Active participation and involvement in a task or activity.

Inherent Satisfaction

Pleasure derived from the activity itself, rather than external rewards.

Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Dichotomy

The distinction between motivations driven by internal satisfaction versus external rewards.

Emotional Impact on Motivation

The influence of emotions on motivational processes.

Cultural Influences on Motivation

How societal values and norms shape motivation.

Motivation Over Time

How motivational factors may change across different life stages.

Practical Applications of SDT

Use of self-determination theory concepts in various domains like education and health.

Meta-Analytic Studies

Research combining results from multiple studies for robust conclusions.

Subjective Value

Personal assessment of the importance or benefit of an outcome.

Goal Achievement

The accomplishment of specific objectives set by individuals.

Self-Improvement

The conscious effort to better oneself.

Overcoming Challenges

Perseverance and determination to succeed despite obstacles.