Lab List Midterm everything you need to know

Ventral is also reffered to as what?

Anterior

What is Ventral/Anterior

The Front or direction toward the front of the body

What is Posterior referred as?

Dorsal

What is Posterior/Dorsal

The Back. or direction toward the back.

Superior is also referedd to as what?

Cranial

What is Superior/Cranial

Describes postion above or higher than another part of the body

What is Inferior also referedd as ?

Caudal

What is Inferior/Caudal

a postion below. or lower than another part of the body (ex: feet becuase they are lower then the Hands.)

What is Superficial(External)

A postion closer to the surface of the body or at body surface. (skin is superfical to the bones.)

What is Deep/internal 

a postion farther from the surface of the body (ex: the brain is deep to the skull)

What is Proximal

postion in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the body

What is Distal

postion farther from the point of attachment or the body

What is Medial

the middle or direction toward the middle of the body

What is Lateral

The side or direction toward the side of the body

What is the Contralateral

Opposite side of the body. Meaning if a disorder is happening to the right or left. Contralateral refers to the opposite side.

What is Ipislateral

Same side of the body. (ex: Tumor on the Right side of brain may effect vision in right eye 

Cephalic

Head

Cranial

Skull

Cervical

Neck

Buccal

Cheek

Frontal

Forehead

Mental

Chin

Nasal

Nose

Occipital

Back of skull

Oral

Mouth

Orbital

Eye

Otic

Ear

Acromial

Shoulder

Antebrachial

Forearm

Antecubital

Front of elbow

Axillary

Armpit

Brachial

arm

Carpal

wrist

Digital

Fingers

Manual

Hand

Olecranal

Elbow

Palmar

Palms

Pollex

Thumb (connective part/ below)

Scapular

Shoulder blades

Thoracic

Chest

Sternal

Breastbone

Mammary

Breast

Abdominopelvic

combined abdominal and pelvic cavities that extend from the diaphragm to the pelvic floor, housing organs like the stomach, liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs.

Abdominal

Abdomen

Coxal

Hip

Gluteal

Buttock

Inguinal

groin

Lumbar

lower part of your back consisting of five vertebrae

Perineal

underlying muscles located between the anus and the genitals

pelvic

pelvis

pubic

pubis (relating to the area just above a person's genitals.)

Sacral

triangular-shaped bone located at the base of the spine, between the lumbar vertebrae and the coccyx (tailbone)

Umbilical

belly button

Vertebral

spine

Calcaneal

Heel of foot

Crural

leg/thigh

digital (lower limbs)/ phalanges

toes

Femoral

Thigh

Hallux

Big toe

patellar

kneecap

Pedal

Foot

plantar

sole of foot

Popliteal

Back of knee

Sural

calf

Tarsal

Ankle

What are the Posterior and Dorsal Cavity

Cranial (brain) and Vertebral(Spine)

What are the Anterior (Ventral) Cavity

Mediastinum(sternum) Pericardial cavity (within mediastinum) pleural cavity

What are the Abdominopelvic cavity

Abdominal Cavity -Stomach (largest cavity), digestive organs and Pelvic Cavity -Groin/pelvic, houses reproduction organs

Visceral Pericardium

INNER layer of pericardium, sac like structure that surrounds and protects the heart

Parietal Pericardium

The OUTER layer of the pericardium, sac like membrane that surrounds and protects the heart 

Visceral Peritoneum

Serous membrane lining and supporting abdominal organs (stomach, liver, intestines); includes the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall.

Parietal Peritoneum

OUTER layer of the peritoneum, a serous membrane that lines interal surface of the abdominal and pelvic walls

Visceral Pleura

INNER layer of the pleura two layered membrane that surrounds and separates the lungs from the chest wall

Parietal Pleura

thin serous membrane that lines the inner surface of the thoracic

Epigastric

the upper central area of the abdomen, just below the sternum

Hypogastric (pubic)

Region below the Umbilical

Right Hypochondriac

The ride side of the abdominal cavity on the right side of the epigastric

Left Hypochondriac

Left side of the stomach on the left side of the epigastric

Right lliac (inguinal)

The region below the right lumbar region beside the hypogastric region

Left lliac (inguinal)

On the left side of the hypogastric region below the left lumbar

Umibilical region

Region in the middle where your naval is 

Which one is Coronal (frontal)

One facing forawrd/ straight ahead. you can see the front veiw of the person

Midsagittal (median)

The a line that runs through the center of the body. straight down middle

Parasagittal

plane divides the body into unequal left and right portions, essentially running alongside the midline.

Sagittal plane 

divides body vertically left and right

Transverse plane

divides horizontally into upper and lower sections

What are the primary organs of the Integumentry system

skin,hair,nails, sebaceous gland (oil), and sudoriferous (sweat), Apocrine gland.

What is the function of hair

protects from dust,sun and other particles. Sensory dection, thermoregulation, communication

What is the function for Nails

Protects finger tips and toes and body parts that experience maximum mechanical stress

What is the function of the  Sebaceous gland (oil)

Lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair, preventing water loss from the skin in low-humidity environments. They excrete sebum, an oily substance that keeps the skin moisturized.

What is the function of the sudoriferous gland (sweat)

cools the body, eccrine sweat gland is sweat thermoregulation, helps to maintain homeostasis.deters microbes from over colonizing the skin surface by generating dermicidin, which has antibiotic properties 

Where is the Epidermis in the model of skin

light blue by the purples -The outer layer of skin, made up of four (thin skin) or five (thick skin) layers of epithelial cells. Does not have blood vessels within. It is Avascular.

Looking at the Model Where is the Dermis in the Model of skin

11 - “core” of the integumentary system. Contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Made up of 2 layers of connective tissue that compose 

Looking at the Model Where is the Hypodermis in the Model of skin

12- The “subcutaneous layer” of “superficial fascia” is a layer below the dermis, and it serves to connect the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscle. Consists of well-vascularized, loose areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which function as a fat storage providing insulation and cushion for the skin/ integument.

Looking at the Model Where is the Eccrine sweat gland in the Model of skin

brightest yellow closer to the green- thermoregulation which helps maintain homeostasis

Looking at the Model Where is the Pacinian Corpuscle in the Model of skin

brightest green

Looking at the Model Where is the Cutaneous vascular plexus in the Model of skin

14

Looking at the Model Where is the sensory nerve fiber in the Model of skin

8

Looking at the Model Where is the adipose tissue in the Model of skin

darker grey. right below medium gray

Looking at the Model Where is the hair follicle in the Model of skin

medium/light gray