Thermochemistry

heat of reaction

the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction

enthalpy

the amount of thermal energy emitted or absorbed by a chemical reaction, under conditions of constant pressure

volatile liquid

a liquid that evaporates readily

surroundings

everything in the universe surrounding a thermodynamic system

heat energy

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

joule

si unit of energy

vaporization

when a liquid or solid changes into a gas

heat transfer

the movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object

equilibrium

condition in which 2 opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system

kinetic energy

the energy of motion

potential energy

energy stored due to an object's position or arrangement

law of conservation of energy

energy cannot be created or destroyed

hess's law

overall enthalpy change in a reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process

system

a specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation

chemical energy

energy associated with the relative positions if electrons and nuclei in atoms and molecules

thermal energy

associated with the temperature of an object

calorimeter

a device used to measure the heat absorbed or released in a chemical or physical change

calorie

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius

le chatelier principle

equilibrium is disturbed because of stress, it gets a new equilibrium to minimize the stress

heat

the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures

heat of combustion

The heat of reaction for the complete burning of one mole of a substance.

thermochemistry

study of the relationships btw. chemistry energy

specific heat

the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 1 degree Celsius