BIO lessons 1 & 2

Reactants & Products of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Reactants: Glucose & Oxygen

Products: Carbon Dioxide, Water, and ATP

Reactants and Products of Photosynthesis

Reactants- Carbon Dioxide & Water

Products- Glucose & Oxygen

Anaerobic respiration

Metabolic process cells use to generate ATP without using oxygen, a rapid energy source when oxygen levels are low, like in intense exercise and oxygen-poor environments for microbes

Main types of anaerobic processes

Lactic acid fermentation & alcoholic fermentation

A cell having a nucleus and mitochondria would be classified as a

Eukaryote

Fungi, Protists, Animals, and Plants are all examples of what kind of cell?

Eukaryotic cell

Cellular respiration

Breaking down glucose to produce ATP for energy

In photosynthesis, organisms … and in cellular respiration, organisms

make, break

The first step of both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration is … and where does it occur

glycolysis, cytosol of the cytoplasm

In glycolysis, glucose turns into a more usable form, and its net yield is

Two 3-carbon molecules of pyruvate, net yield is 2 ATP and 2 NADH

This transition step connects glycolysis to the Krebs cycle.

The 2 molecules of pyruvate (produced from glycolysis) are oxidized to form 2 molecules of Acetyl-CoA

The “transition step” before the Krebs cycle occurs is in the … and results in

Mitochondrial matrix, 2 NADH & 2 CO₂ (1 carbon dioxide is released per pyruvate)

Step two of Aerobic cellular respiration is … and occurs where

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)…. mitochondrial matrix

What 2 steps require oxygen in cellular respiration, and what step doesn’t?

Steps 2 (Krebs cycle) and 3 (Electron transport chain) do require oxygen, and step 1 (glycolysis) doesn’t

Acetyl CoA in the krebs cycle produces

2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH₂ and exhales 4 CO₂ as waste

When there isn’t oxygen, what process can take place to produce ATP?

Fermentation

The electron transport chain takes place in the

inner mitochondrial membrane

The electron transport chain is a series of

proteins and molecules that transfer electrons to oxygen, generating the vast majority of a cells ATP