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Key economic development in Saudi Arabia under Ibn Saud
In 1938, oil was discovered in commercial quantities.
After WWII, Saudi Arabia began acquiring vast wealth.
Ibn Saud was a leading member in the creation of OPEC (1960).
Instigated the 1973 Oil Embargo, which raised revenue significantly.
How did Ibn Saud gain political power and recognition?
He didn't rely on foreign power but gained support through his own efforts.
Gained recognition and treaties with external powers
Saudi Arabia's constitution was based on Sharia Law.
No political parties or elections.
Formed the Council of Ministers in 1953, who consulted with the king, though the king had veto power over their decisions.
Social policies under Ibn Saud's rule
He gave his people a national identity for the first time.
His rule was deeply religious-based.
Rights for women were practically non-existent.
How did Ibn Saud handle religious affairs in Saudi Arabia?
Restored order to Mecca and Medina, spreading the Wahhabist Doctrine.
The Ulema (Islamic scholars) had a say in politics.
There was no separation between religion and the state.
The constitution was based on Sharia Law, and Sharia courts governed everyday life.
Religious police monitored public behavior and enforced strict Islamist norms.
How did Ibn Saud use military power to secure his rule?
Subdued rivals militarily, earning respect through tribal tradition.
Broke down the tribal organizations that could challenge his authority.
