Eating Disorder and Obestity pt 2

Age of Eating Disorder

• Most eating disorders begin in adolescence.

• Binge-eating disorder often develops between ages 30–50.

Medical Complication of Bulimia Nervosa

• Dental erosion and mouth ulcers from repeated vomiting.

• Swollen salivary glands (“chipmunk cheeks”).

• Electrolyte disturbances impacting heart and muscle function.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders and Eating Disorders

OCD is commonly comorbid with both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Percentage for women

Around 58% of women with eating disorders may also have a personality disorder.

Substance Abuse and Eating Disorders

Substance abuse frequently co-occurs in individuals with binge-eating/purging subtypes.

Depression percentage in anorexia nervosa

68%

Depression percentage in bulimia nervosa

63%

Depression percentage in binge-eating disorder

50%

Medication Olanzapine (an antipsychotic)

• may benefit by addressing distorted beliefs and promoting weight gain.

Family Thearapy

• Involves 10–20 sessions over 6–12 months with phases:

  • Refeeding and re-establishing healthy eating habits.

  • Negotiating new patterns of family relationships.

  • Termination with focus on long-term support.

Enhanced Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT-E):

• A transdiagnostic approach targeting eating pathology regardless of specific diagnosis.

Hypothalamus Role

Lateral hypothalamus stimulation promotes appetite.

normal BMI

18.5-24.9

Overweight

25>29.9

Obese

• BMI ≥ 30; Morbid obesity: BMI ≥ 40 or >100 lbs over ideal weight.

Prevalence for obese and overweight

In the U.S., approximately 36% of adults are obese and 34% are overweight.

Binge‐Eating Disorder

Which disorder is defined by recurrent binge eating episodes without the use of compensatory behaviors such as purging or excessive exercise

Serontonin

Which neurotransmitter, often measured via its metabolite 5-HIAA, has been most closely linked with eating disorders?

Exposure to Western media and the internalization of the thin ideal are sociocultural factors that most likely lead to:

Heightened body dissatisfaction and increased dieting behaviors

Which of the following physiological challenges is a key reason why maintaining weight loss is difficult after significant reduction in body weight?

The body’s set-point defenses, including increased hunger and reduced satiety

Which treatment modality is the leading approach for bulimia nervosa?

B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)