Mr. Livingston’s Grade 10 Canadian History Exam Review

Comprehensive practice vocabulary flashcards covering major eras, events, battles, and figures in 10th-grade Canadian History.

Arch Duke

The individual whose assassination served as a catalyst for WWI.

MAIN Causes of WWI

The structural factors leading to war: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism.

WWI Alliance System

The network of treaties and agreements between nations that helped expand a regional conflict into a global war.

Ypres

A major WWI battle known for the first use of poison gas.

Vimy Ridge

A significant WWI battle often cited as a defining moment for Canadian national identity.

Somme

A WWI battle characterized by massive casualties and the first use of tanks.

Paschendaele

A WWI battle infamous for its muddy conditions and heavy loss of life.

Battle At Sea Jutland

The largest naval battle of WWI.

Trenches

The defensive network of underground ditches used across the Western Front in WWI.

Treaty of Versailles

The formal agreement that ended WWI and imposed conditions on Germany.

War Guilt Clause

A specific provision in the Treaty of Versailles requiring Germany to accept full responsibility for WWI.

Winnipeg General Strike

A massive 1919 labor protest involving thousands of workers striking for better wages and collective bargaining.

Prohibition

The legal ban on the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol during the 1920s.

Flappers

The archetype of 1920s young women who challenged traditional social norms through their dress and behavior.

Buying on Margin

The practice of purchasing stocks with borrowed money, common before the 1929 crash.

Black Tuesday

The nickname for the stock market crash in 1929 that signaled the start of the Great Depression.

Relief Camps

Government-run work camps for unemployed single men during the 1930s.

On-to-Ottawa Treck

A 1935 protest where relief camp workers hopped freight trains to demand better conditions from the government.

R.B. Bennett

The Prime Minister of Canada during the onset of the Great Depression.

Bennett Buggy

A car with its engine removed and pulled by horses, symbolizing the economic hardship of the 1930s.

Dust Bowl

A period of severe drought and soil erosion on the Canadian Prairies during the 1930s.

Policy of Appeasement

The strategy used by Western powers to avoid war by making concessions to Adolf Hitler.

Munich Agreement

A 1938 deal between European powers that allowed Germany to annex the Sudetenland.

Nazi-Soviet Pact

A non-aggression agreement between Germany and the U.S.S.R. before the invasion of Poland.

Blitzkrieg

A high-speed, intensive 'lightning war' military tactic used by Germany in WWII.

Dunkirk

The site of a massive evacuation of Allied soldiers from France across the English Channel in 1940.

Battle of Britain

The WWII air campaign fought over the United Kingdom in 1940.

Battle of the Atlantic

The longest continuous military campaign of WWII, focused on control of sea lanes.

U-Boats

German submarines used extensively to sink Allied merchant shipping.

Convoy System

The strategy of using naval escorts to protect merchant ships from submarine attacks.

Dieppe

A failed Allied raid on a French port in 1942 that resulted in heavy Canadian casualties.

Ortona

A battle in the Italian Campaign known for fierce house-to-house fighting.

D-Day

June 6, 1944, the date of the massive Allied invasion of Normandy.

Juno Beach

The specific sector of the Normandy coastline assigned to Canadian forces on D-Day.

Final Solution

The Nazi plan for the systematic extermination of European Jews and others in concentration camps.

Cold War

The period of geopolitical tension between the Western Bloc (USA) and the Eastern Bloc (USSR) from 1945–1990.

Iron Curtain

The political, military, and ideological barrier erected by the Soviet Union to seal off itself and its allies.

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a collective defense alliance of Western nations.

Warsaw Pact

A collective defense treaty among the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc nations.

Igor Gouzenko

A Soviet clerk who defected to Canada in 1945, revealing a spy ring and starting the Cold War in Canada.

Korean War

A conflict from 1950–1953 in which Canadian forces served as part of a UN-led mission.

Kapyong

A significant battle during the Korean War involving Canadian troops.

Avro Arrow

A technically advanced Canadian supersonic interceptor jet that was famously cancelled in 1959.

Lester B. Pearson

The Prime Minister who introduced the new Canadian Flag and won a Nobel Peace Prize for peacekeeping interventions.

60s Scoop

The practice of taking Indigenous children from their families for placement in the foster care system.

Pierre Trudeau

The Prime Minister associated with the 'Just Society,' the Official Languages Act, and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Quiet Revolution

A period of rapid social and political change in Quebec during the 1960s.

October Crisis

The 1970 events involving the FLQ kidnappings of James Cross and Pierre Laporte.

Pierre Laport

The Quebec government minister kidnapped and killed by the FLQ during the October Crisis.

Medak Pocket

A 1993 peacekeeping operation in Croatia involving Canadian soldiers.

Louis St. Laurent

The Canadian Prime Minister who served from 1948 to 1957.

John Diefenbaker

The Prime Minister who introduced the Canadian Bill of Rights.

Sir Arthur Currie

A prominent Canadian General during WWI known for his leadership at Vimy Ridge.

Robert Borden

The Prime Minister of Canada during WWI who introduced conscription.

Billy Bishop

A famous Canadian flying ace during WWI.

Residential Schools

A network of mandatory schools for Aboriginal children intended to assimilate them into Euro-Canadian culture.