Globalization Assessment 1

Globalization

the process whereby there is a wider development network of goods, services, people, ideas, and technologies across the globe. There is an increased migration of people from place to place.

Globalization Mechanisms

war, natural resources being discovered, circulation of books/bodies, modes of transportation, modes of communication, factory development, labor supply

Transnational

activities, connections, or organizations that go across national borders, linking people, businesses, or ideas in multiple countries.

transnational example

Jamaican Sound System

Neoliberalism

economic and political ideology that emphasizes the primacy of free markets, competition, and private enterprise with minimal state intervention. When applied to globalization, it becomes a guiding framework for integrating national economies into a global market system

Neoliberalism example

NAFTA

World Bank

five international organizations that leverage loans to developing countries

World Bank example

Bretton-Woods Conference (1944)

International Monetary Fund

an international organization designed to promote global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.

A Global Sense of Place

emphasizes openness, relationality, and the embedding of local spaces within broader global networks.

Doreen Massey wrote …

A Global Sense of Place

Doreen Massey studies

Geography = study of how the world spatially and

temporally operate together.

Geographers explore

pace, place, scale, landscape, mobility, and the natural environment.

When was Doreen Massey born?

1944 in Manchester, England

Where did Doreen Nassey graduate college from?

Oxford University in 1966

Doreen Nassey Masters

in Regional Science from the University of Pennsylvania in 1972

Where did Doreen Nassey work before her masters

The Centre for Environmental Studies

When and where was Doreen Nassey appointed professor?

1982 she was appointed professor of Geography at the Open University (UK)

The Kilburn Manifesto by Doreen Nassey

argues that neoliberalism has become dominant by expanding the influence of markets and global capital beyond the economy into politics, institutions, culture, and personal life.

Goals of A Global Sense of Place Goal 1

Put forward a conceptualization of a “progressive sense of place” beyond a Marxist critique of the collapse of space.

Goals of A Global Sense of Place Goal 2

Theorize how other markers, beyond capital (such as race and gender) impact how we experience space

Goals of A Global Sense of Place Goal 3

Examine how complex social differentiations highlight the relationship between capital and labor.

Goals of A Global Sense of Place Goal 4

Considers how framing a “sense of place” beyond essentialism and isolation

Goals of A Global Sense of Place Goal 5

Distill the difference between place and community

Goals of A Global Sense of Place Goal 6

Articulate a “progressive concept of place” that is not static, not requiring boundaries, and not adhering to single, coherent identity.

A Global Sense of Place argues

that places are not isolated areas with fixed boundaries. Instead, they are shaped by broader social relationships, experiences, and connections that extend beyond the physical boundaries of the place

Time Space Compression

describes how technology has affected distance, whereby there is increased speed, hyperawareness, and constant production.

Power Geometry

describes who are involved in the process of movement and communication and who are in control of these processes.

Complex Social Differenciation

how we are placed in relation to capital/power. It refers to the differences in the degree of movement and communication and the degree of control and initiation.

Cultural Identity and Diaspora is written by

Stuart Hall

Stuart Hall was born

1932 in Kingston, Jamaica

Where did Stuart Hall at

got the Rhodes scholarship at Merton College, Oxford in 1951

Stuart Hall served as a director

at the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies

Stuart Hall became a professor of

Sociology at The Open University in 1979

Cultural Identity and Diaspora goal 1

Deconstruct ideas of “cultural identity” forming around a shared culture of “oneness”

Negritude

A cultural and literary movement that celebrates Black identity, African heritage, and resistance to colonialism

Cultural Identity and Diaspora goal 2

Understand “cultural identity” as a matter of difference.

London is the Place for me

London is not just a city with fixed boundaries; it is shaped by global networks of people, culture, economics, politics, and migration. What happens in London is connected to events and relationships far beyond the city itself.

Caribbean Artist Movement

Edward “Kamau” Brathwaite Barbados, Andrew Salkey Panama/Jamaica, and John La Rose Trinidad and Tobago

Cultural Identity and Diaspora goal 3

Two vectors of “cultural identity”: “similarity and continuity” AND “difference and rupture.”

Creolization

culture is shaped by a constant struggle between power and resistance, especially in relation to European influence. Cultural identity is never completely pure or separate; instead, it is mixed, blended, and constantly influenced by different cultures.

The Global City written by

Saskia Sassen

Robert S. Lynd

Professor of Sociology at Columbia University and a Member of its Committee on Global Thought

Global City

subnational regions that are known today for privatization, wealth, and economic strength, and architectural innovation

World City

subnational regions that have, in the past, been known for culture

Agglomeration

mass collection of an accumulation of things

Corporate services complex

network of financial, legal, accounting, advertising firms that handle to complexities of operating in more than one national legal system, national accounting system, advertising culture, etc. under conditions of rapid innovations

The Global City goal 1

Locate how global cities within the process of territorialization, scaling, and spatial units develop

The Global City goal 2

Formulate and identify seven hypotheses around organizing the global city

The Global City goal 3

Detail how the movement of technologies impact the geography of globalization

The Global City goal 4

Discuss the three forms of centrality within a “global city”

Hypothesis of the Global City 1

Geographic dispersal of economic activities is key to growth and importance of

central corporate functions

Hypothesis of the Global City 2

entral functions (managing, coordination, servicing, financing a firm’s operations)

have become so complex that they have been outsourced

Hypothesis of the Global City 3

Most complex and globalized markets are subject to agglomeration (mass

collection of things/items) economies

Hypothesis of the Global City 4

The more headquarters outsource complex, unstandardized functions, the more

open they are to expand in any location → less work being done at headquarters

means the work is subject to agglomeration

Hypothesis of the Global City 5

Firms need to provide global services → strengthening cross border transactions

and networks

Hypothesis of the Global City 6

High-level professionals have the degree of spatial and socioeconomic inequality

in these cities

Hypothesis of the Global City 7

There is a growing informalization of range of economic activities that find demand in the cities, yet the profits remain within the large firm/formalized sector

Three forms of centrality in the global city #1

Central business district becomes as key form of centrality (management and

coordination)

Three forms of centrality in the global city #2

Center expands into metropolitan area → intense business activity

Three forms of centrality in the global city #3

Transterritorial “center” → inter-urban intense economic transactions between nations

Globalization and the Transformation of Race by

Deborah Thomas and Kamari Clarke

Deborah Thomas

Professor of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania where she is also the Director of their Center for Experimental Ethnography

Kamari Clarke

Distinguished Professor, Centre for Criminology & Sociolegal Studies and the Centre for Diaspora & Transnational Studies at the University of Toronto

Globalization and the Transformation of Race goal 1

Critique how the exacerbation of wealth has intensified racial hierarchies

Globalization and the Transformation of Race goal 2

Provide microanalytics of racialization and how transnational shifts tend to obscure race as a viable discussion about race.

Globalization and the Transformation of Race goal 3

Move beyond essentialized notions of race in order to unpack the varied ways that imperialism and colonialism have reimagined forms of belonging

Globalization and the Transformation of Race goal 4

Extend questions about transnationalism, diaspora, and globalization as contemporary processes.

Diasporic Movements, Missions, and Modernities in Globalization and the Transformation of Race

Globalization and the movement of people and ideas have transformed racial identities, relationships, and understandings of race.

Geographies of Racial Belonging in Globalization and the Transformation of Race

Globalization changes where people feel they belong and how race influences their relationships to places, communities, and identities.

Popular Blacknesses, “Authenticity,” and “New Measures of Legitimacy” in Globalization and the Transformation of Race

Globalization has created different versions of Black identity and new ways of deciding what counts as “authentic” Blackness.

Racial formation

a process, not a stable category.

Course Description

This course will examine literary works and other cultural texts that seek to represent the global in their engagement with exchange, networks, encounters, and relations of exploitation and struggle

Gen Eds

Humanities, Critical Thinking, Global Issues

Office Hour Times

Tuesdays, 3:30-5:30pm, or by appointment

Late assignment policy

Unexcused late assignments will be lowered by 5 points for each day that they are late. After one week, I will not accept the assignments. It is your responsibility to notify me of an emergency ahead of the due date and time by email. If you have any technical issues, please make sure you have documentation

Absences policy

permitted three unexcused absences. No email is required. If you have more than three unexcused absences, your final letter grade will be downgraded by a letter grade at my discretion.

Technology policy

NO laptops or cell phones are allowed to be out in the class. I will explicitly express

when you can use them in class if necessary. There will be no photographs, videos, or recordings of this class taken without my expressed permission. Any such violation will be subject to disciplinary procedures as infringing upon the privacy of your classmates and the professor