1STM SEMESTER: MIDTERMS

Recommended structure of campus networks to improve data handling and routing within the network. 

Three-tier hierarchical design

Refers to any network that has multiple LANs interconnected.

Campus Area Network (CAN)

The layer that serves as the backbone of the network.

Core Layer

The layer where the individual LANs connect together.

Distribution Layer

The layer where the networking devices in a LAN connect together.

Access Layer

A layer in the TCP/IP model that contains the services telnet, http, DNS, SSH, and FTP.

Application Layer

A layer in the TCP/IP model equivalent to the network layer of the OSI 7 layer protocol stack.

Internet Layer

In classful addressing, the IP address class whose first byte starts at 240 and ends at 255.

Class E

In classful addressing, the IP address class whose first byte starts 128 and ends at 191.

Class B

A logical partition of an IP network. A smaller network segment.

Subnet

Connection to ports is based on the protocol being used.

Protocol-Based VLAN

A network where LANs share the same broadcast domain.

Flat Network

Any message sent out on the network is seen by all hosts in the domain.

Broadcast Domain

A group of host computers and servers that are configured as if they are in the same LAN, even if they reside across routers in separate LANs.

VLAN

The networking device that enables hosts in a LAN to connect to networks (and hosts) outside the LAN

Router

I. Identify, Define, or Enumerate

Criteria at which network routes are measured.

Metrics -

Internet Protocol version 4, a 32-bit address format.

IPv4 -

Internet Protocol version 6, a 128-bit address format.

IPv6

The range of IP addresses available within a network.

Address Space -

This host address in IPv4.

0.0.0.0 -

The practice of dividing a network into two or more smaller networks.

Subnetting -

Loop-back address in IPv4.

127.0.0.1 -

Loop-back address in IPv6.

::1 -

A globally unique IPv6 address for one-to-one communication.

Global Unicast Address -

A packet forwarding technique based on a label.

Connection-oriented protocol -

Provides services to the transport layer and receives services from the link layer, handling packetizing, routing, and forwarding.

Network Layer -

Data transmission is where a message is broken into packets sent independently and reassembled at the destination.

Packet Switching -

An internet addressing technique that uses 32 bits

IPv4 Addressing -

An internet addressing technique that uses 128 bits.

IPv6 Addressing -

A routing algorithm using incomplete trees exchanged between neighbors to create complete trees and find least-cost routes.

Distance Vector Routing Algorithm -

The total number of addresses used by the protocol.

Address Space -

The practice of dividing a network into smaller subnetworks.

Subnetting -

Associates cost with edges and prefers lower-cost links to compute the best route.

Link-State Routing Algorithm -

Used by link-state routing to compute the best route.

Dijkstra's Algorithm -

Used in distance vector routing and handles graphs with negative edge weights.

Bellman-Ford Algorithm -

A packet forwarding technique based on the destination address.

IP Forwarding -

Directs and delivers a datagram from source to destination.

Routing -

One-to-one delivery where a datagram is sent to only one destination.

Unicast -

IPV 4 Class Example of a Class A-E IPv4 address

1. 10.0.0.1 - Example of a Class A IPv4 address.

2. 172.16.0.1 - Example of a Class B IPv4 address.

3. 192.168.0.1 - Example of a Class C IPv4 address.

4. 224.0.0.1 - Example of a Class D IPv4 address.

5. 240.0.0.1 - Example of a Class E IPv4 address.