Esthetician Study Guide

Flashcards for vocabulary terms pulled from the esthetician study guide.

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States.

Disinfectants

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces.

Hospital disinfectant

Effective for cleaning blood and body fluids; can be used on any non-porous surface.

Non-porous

Material that has no pores or openings, and cannot absorb liquids.

Tuberculocidal disinfectant

Kills bacteria that causes tuberculosis.

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Created by the Department of Labor to regulate and enforce safety/health standards to protect employees.

MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)

Has information about safety including hazardous ingredients, safe handling, and use of procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accident to harm or overexposure, & flammability warning.

Infection control

Methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.

Bacteria/Bactericidal

Capable of destroying bacteria.

Fungi/Fungicidal

Capable of destroying fungi.

Viruses/Virucidal

Capable of destroying viruses.

Parasites

Capable of destroying parasites.

Microorganism

Any organism of microscopic or sub-microscopic size, some bacterial or harmful/harmless.

Non-pathogenic

Harmless microorganism.

Pathogenic

Harmful microorganism, that can cause diseases or infections in a human when they invade body

Cocci

Round shape bacteria that appears singly(alone)/ groups.

Diplococci

Grows in pairs, causes disease; pneumonia.

Staphylococci

Pus forming, grows in cluster like grapes, may not cause infection in healthy humans, cause abscesses, pustules& boils.

Streptococci

Pus forming, arranged in curved lines like string beans, cause infection such as strep throat & blood poisoning.

Bacilli

Short rod shaped, most common bacteria, produce diseases; diphtheria, tetanus(jawlock), typhoid fever, tuberculosis.

Spirilla

Spiral/corkscrew shaped, subdivided into subgroups such as treponema pallium, causes syphilis(STD) &bordelaise burgdorferi Causes Lyme disease.

Inflammation

A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection

Pus

A fluid created by infection, contains white blood cells, bacteria, & dead cells(presence of pus is a sign of bad infection)

Local infection

Pimple or absence is confined to particular part of the body, and appears as a lesion containing pus.

MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

Appears as skin infection, such as pustules, rashes and boils (difficult to cure).

Contagious disease

Aka communicable disease, spread from one person to another.

Viruses

Capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function

Bloodborne Pathogens

Disease causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis & hives.

Hepatitis

A blood borne virus that causes disease & can damage the liver.

HIV/AIDS

HIV is the virus that causes AIDS, spread from person to person through blood and less often through other body fluids, such as semen and vagina secretions.

Fungi

Microscopic plant parasite that includes molds, mildew, and yeast.

Dermatophytes

The fungi that causes skin, nail and hair infections.

Tinea pedis

A ringworm fungus of the foot or athletes foot.

Tinea corporis

Ringworm.

Onychomycosis

Nail infection.

Folliculitis

Inflammation of hair follicles caused by bacterial infection in grown.

Tinea versicolor

Sun spots, characterized by white or very color patches on the skin, often found on arms and legs.

Intertrigo

Found in the body folds of the skin such as under arms and growing.

Parasites

Organism that grows,feeds,& shelter on/in another organism. Ex:lice,scabies.

Immunity

Ability of the body to destroy & resist infection.

Natural immunity

Partly inherited & partly developed through healthy living.

Acquired immunity

Develops after overcoming a disease through inoculation(flu vac.) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen.

Decontamination

The removal of blood or other, potentially infectious materials on an item surface/ the removal of visible debris or residue, such as dust, hair and skin.

Cleaning

Wash the soap/warm water,scrub with clean& disinfected nail brush using ultrasonic unitUsing a clean solvent.

Disinfection

Process that eliminates most but not all microorganisms on living surfaces.

Sterilization

Process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

Bio burden

The number of viable organisms in/on an object/surface/the organic material on the surface of an object before decontamination/sterilization.

Multi use items

Aka reusable can be clean, disinfected, and used more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluids. Ex: pimple extractors, metal diamond tips on Microdermabrasion devices, tweezers.

Single use

Aka disposable cannot be used more than once. Ex: q-tips, cotton balls,/rounds, sponges, gaze, tissues, paper towels.

Porous

Item is made or constructed of the material that has pores/openings. These items are absorbent.

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATS)

Very effective when use properly. Multiple quotes contain sophisticated blends of quotes that work together to increase effectiveness of disinfectants.

Phenolic disinfectant

Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectant. Very high pH can damage skin and eyes.

Levels of decontamination

Sanitation, Disinfection, Sterilization.

Standard Precautions (SP)

Must assume that blood/body fluids are potential source of infection; PPE is worn anytime contact with blood, body, fluids, secretions, excretions, mucous membrane, or non-intact.

Client intake form

Aka: client questionnaire/consultation card, should be filled out by every new client before receiving service to protect salons/worker from any legal action by a client.

Client release form

States that client agrees to treatments/application or procedure as well as understanding and accept all risk involved.

Contraindications

A condition/factor that may prevent you from performing a treatment.

Healthy skin

Slightly moist, soft, smooth, & somewhat acidic.

Acid mantle

Part of skins natural barrier function and mechanism that protects us from irritation & intercellular transepidermal water loss (TEWL).

Lipids

Substances that contribute to barrier function of the epidermis, protective oils & are part of intercellular matrix between epidermis cell.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF)

Stimulates skin sells to reproduce & heal.

Sudoriferous glands

Aka sweat glands excrete perspiration & detoxify the body by excreting excess water, salt, & unwanted chemicals through pores.

Pores

Opening for sweat glands aka term for follicle both are opening for epidermis.

Sebum

Oily substance that protects surface of skin & lubricates skin&hair.

Sebaceous glands

Aka oil glands appendages attached to follicles that produce sebum.

Keratin

Fibrous protein of cells that also also principle component of skin hair nails.

Stratum Corneum

Aka Horny layer top outermost layer of epidermis, waterproof, permeable, regenerates itself, detoxifies the body, responds to stimuli.

Stratum Lucidum

Thin clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum, thickest on palms of hands/sole of feet.

Stratum Granulosum

Aka Granular layer composed of cells that resemble granules filled with keratinized cells that create skin barrier.

Stratum spinosum

Aka spiny layer cells continue to do divide and change shape.

Desmosomes

Skin filaments the protein bonds that create junctions between the cell

Langerhans immune

Protect the body from infections by identifying foreign materials.

Stratum Germinativum

Aka basal cell layer located above dermis compose of a single layer.

Epidermis

Outermost layer of skin, covers our body, thin protective covering w/ many nerve endings.

Subcutaneous Tissue

Below reticular layer aka hypodermis, composed of loose connective tissue / sub cutis tissue aka adipose tissue.

Dermis

Connects the dermis & epidermis W/ connective collagen tissue.

Papillary Layer

Connects the dermis to the epidermis, forming the epidermal/dermal junction, makes up 10/20% of dermis.

Dermal Papillae

Membranes of ridges & grooves that attach to the epidermis.

Hair Papillae

Small cone shaped structures at bottom of hair follicles.

Reticular Layer

Denser & deeper layer of dermis mainly collagen & elastin.

Telangiectasia

Couperose skin conditions.

Actinic keratosis

Precancerous patch of rough scaly skin, from sun exposure.

Erythema

Resulting redness of skin, caused by increased blood flow/ blood vessel dilation.

Hyperkeratosis

Increase thickness of stratum corneum outer layer of skin.

Hypokeratosis

Decrease in thickness.

Rosacea

A vascular condition that often appears on nose, forehead/cheeks (rosey cheeks).

Collagen

Protein, substance of complex, fiber that gives skin its strength and is necessary for wound healing.

Elastin

Fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue & gives skin its elasticity.

Hyaluronic Acid

Part of dermal substance, GAG(glycos amino glycans) body produces it.

Skin Type

Dry, Normal, Combination, Dehydration, Oily, Sensitive.

Alipidic Skin

Not enough oil producing.

Anemic Skin

Itchy / tiny red dots under skin.

Lipidic skin

Produce excess sebum.

Bulla

Large blister containing watery fluid, similar to vesicle but larger.

Cyst

Closed huge sac containing pus.

Macule

Flat spot/ discoloration on skin(Freckle, red sun spot).

Nodules

Referred as tumors, smaller bumps caused by scar tissue, fatty deposits, infection.

Papule

Small bump on skin NO fluid, may develop to pustule(>1.25cm)round,smooth,tough.

Pustule

Inflamed papule w/ white/yellow center w/ pus, fluid w/ white blood cells, bacteria, & debris.

Tumor

Large nodule, abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication.