lecture (chapter 12)(exam2)

axial skeleton

80 bones

appendicular skeleton

126 bones

what are the 8 bones of the cranium

occipital bone, parietal bones(2), frontal bone, temporal bones (2), ethmoid, sphenoid

what are the 14 facial bones

maxillae, palatine bones, nasal bones, inferior nasal conchae, zygomatic bones, lacrimal bones, vomer, mandible. all these bones have 2 except vomer and mandible

sutures of the skull

sagittal, coronal, lambdoid, squamous

fontanelles

Areas of fibrous connective tissue (soft spots), Cover unfused sutures in the infant skull, Allow the skull to flex during birth

how many bones does the skull have

28

characteristics of the frontal bone

frontal, or paranasal, sinuses coronal suture

characteristics of parietal bones

lambdoid, squamous, and coronal sutures

characteristics of temporal bone

lambdoid sutures articulate with first cervical vertebrae

characteristics with sphenoid bone

sphenoid sinuses

characteristics of ethmoid bone

ethmoid sinuses

maxilla (upper jaw)

Form parts of orbital floor, roof of mouth, and floor and sidewalls of nose. Maxillary sinus

mandible (lower jaw)

only movable joint of the skull

zygomatic bone (cheek bone or malar bone)

forms outer margins of the orbit and zygomatic arch

nasal bones

form upper part of the bridge of the nose

lacrimal bones

Paper-thin. Just posterior and lateral to each nasal bone. Contain groove for nasolacrimal duct

palatine bones

Form posterior part of hard palate, lateral wall of
posterior part of nasal cavities

inferior nasal conchae (turbinates)

project into nasal cavity/nasal meatus

vomer bone

See under and posterior aspect of skull (backside of
perpendicular plate)- Completes the nasal septum
posteriorly

paranasal sinuses

Associated with the bones of the nasal cavity.
Decreases skull weight and has resonating chambers

curvature: cervical

anterior apex

curvature: thoracic

posterior apex

curvature: lumbar

anterior apex

curvature: sacral and coccygeal

posterior apex

is the column c shaped at birth

yes

when head is raised, does the cervical curve appear

yes

when sittings and walking begin, does the lumbar curve develop

yes

spinal curvatures: Convex (kyphotic) curvatures

thoracic, sacral 

spinal curvatures: Concave (lordotic) curvatures

cervical, lumbar