§ Change may occur as new actors, including ________ and nongovernmental organizations, augment or replace state actors.
New cards
2
Alliances
________ tend to be long term, based on relatively permanent, not shifting, interests.
New cards
3
Economic disparities
________ are built into the structure, and all actions are constrained by it.
New cards
4
capitalism
For Marxists, crippling stratification in the system is caused by ________.
New cards
5
Radicals
________ seek to describe and explain the structure of the international system in terms of stratification, the uneven division of resources among different groups of states.
New cards
6
hegemon
The ________ enforces norms and ensures the continuation of the system.
New cards
7
Comprehensiveness
________: you can not understand the whole by only referencing its parts; it enables scholars to organize the seemingly disjointed parts of the international system into a whole; it permits theorizing about change.
New cards
8
Unipolarity
________: one state commands influence in the international system by virtue of size, economic and /or military capability, or organizational competence.
New cards
9
Warsaw Pact
Bipolarity: in the bipolar system of the Cold War, each of the blocs (NATO and ________) sought to negotiate rather than fight, to fight minor wars rather than major ones, and to fight major wars rather than fail to eliminate the rival bloc.
New cards
10
O Bipolar systems
________ are very difficult to regulate formally, since neither uncommitted states nor international organizations are able to direct the behavior of either of the two blocs.
New cards
11
Systems theory
________ is a holistic, top- down approach.
New cards
12
System management
________ and stability: realists do not agree among themselves on how polarity matters.
New cards
13
Social norms
________ may change through collective action or through individuals.
New cards
14
New International Economic Order
The call for the ________ (NIEO) in the 1970s is an example of a radical effort to empower the South.
New cards
15
Multiple interactions
________ occur among different parties, and various actors learn from the interaction.
New cards
16
multiple channels
There are ________ connecting states, and multiple issues and agendas arise in the interdependent system.
New cards
17
individual level
At the ________, change occurs through persuasion and through internationalization of new norms.
New cards
18
Multipolarity
________: if there are a number of influential actors in the international system, a balance- of- power, or multipolar, system is formed.
New cards
19
§ Change
________ may occur because of changes in the relative importance of different issue areas, such as the increasing focus on economic issues, human rights, and the environment.
New cards
20
Polarity
________: system ________ refers to the number of blocs of states that exert power in the international system.
New cards
21
International institutions
________ are created to moderate state behavior.
New cards
22
multinational corporations
Actors include not only states but international governmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, ________, and substate actors.
New cards
23
Economic disparities
________ are built into the structure of the system.
New cards
24
Polarity
system polarity refers to the number of blocs of states that exert power in the international system
New cards
25
Multipolarity
if there are a number of influential actors in the international system, a balance-of-power, or multipolar, system is formed
New cards
26
Bipolarity
in the bipolar system of the Cold War, each of the blocs (NATO and Warsaw Pact) sought to negotiate rather than fight, to fight minor wars rather than major ones, and to fight major wars rather than fail to eliminate the rival bloc
New cards
27
Unipolarity
one state commands influence in the international system by virtue of size, economic and/or military capability, or organizational competence
New cards
28
System management and stability
realists do not agree among themselves on how polarity matters
New cards
29
Comprehensiveness
you cannot understand the whole by only referencing its parts; it enables scholars to organize the seemingly disjointed parts of the international system into a whole; it permits theorizing about change
New cards
30
The 1648 Treaties of Westphalia are important because they marked the rise of religious authority uniting Europe.
False
New cards
31
Individuals have very little influence over or impact on international relations.
False
New cards
32
A “nation” is defined as a group of individuals that are citizens of the same state.
False
New cards
33
The international system currently could be accurately characterized as being unipolar in nature.
False
New cards
34
Our current state-centric system of international relations traces its' roots back to the Treaty of Westphalia.
True
New cards
35
International relations are exclusively driven by central governments and heads of state rather than by ordinary citizens.
False
New cards
36
Nationalism is one of the most potent and powerful forces in the world.
True
New cards
37
From the Realist perspective, the defining characteristic of the international system is anarchy.
True
New cards
38
Social media and new forms of communication technology have significantly empowered the individual in terms of international relations.
True
New cards
39
The international system is currently bipolar in its' orientation.
False
New cards
40
A is a state that has such overwhelming political, military and economic power that it dominates the international sphere.
hegemon
New cards
41
proposes that individuals, both alone and in groups, act in patterned ways.
Behavioralism
New cards
42
refers to a state's absolute authority and perpetual power. This means it is free from external interference and its' rule and actions cannot be challenged by other states.
Sovereignty
New cards
43
According to Marxists and most other radicals, the international system is characterized by crippling stratification caused by __.__
capitalism
New cards
44
The international system from the 19th Century through the end of World War II was primarily characterized as a ___ system.
balance of power
New cards
45
The international system during the Cold War was in nature.
bipolar
New cards
46
Liberals view the international system as a
process
New cards
47
For realists, the basic ordering principle of the international system is .
anarchy
New cards
48
Liberals believe that is essential to progress and stability in the international system.
multilateralism
New cards
49
Radicals seek to explain the international system through , the uneven division of resources and power between different groups of states.
stratification
New cards
50
A "nation" is a
group of self-identifying people that are united by culture, history, language, religion \n and social norms.
New cards
51
Why is 1648 a seminal year for scholars of international relations?
It marked a decrease of religious authority \n in Europe, and the rise of secular authority in the form of sovereign states.
New cards
52
The three levels of analysis in the international system are:
the individual, the state and the international system.
New cards
53
How would realists explain the opposition of certain countries to the 2003 Iraq War?
They felt the war was not in their national interest.
New cards
54
Neorealists such as Kenneth Waltz focus primarily on
the international system’s structure.
New cards
55
The idea that institutions such as the League of Nations and the United Nations will significantly change international politics is a product of ________ thinking.
liberal
New cards
56
What does collective security involve?
States band together, promising that if one member is attacked there will be a collective response against the aggressor.
New cards
57
Who do realists believe are the primary actors in international relations?
states
New cards
58
To what does the term polarity refer?
the number of influential blocs that exert power in the international system
New cards
59
At the end of the Gulf War, given the power and position of the United States, many states became worried that the international system had become
unipolar.
New cards
60
Which actors do liberals NOT see as important in the international system?
individual voters
New cards
61
Multilateralist actions involve
coordination among several states.
New cards
62
Marxists argue that the international system empowers the rich and disenfranchises the weak, and that the capitalist tools used to perpetuate this system include all of the following EXCEPT
labor unions.
New cards
63
According to constructivists, what causes change in the international system?
changing ideas and cultural change
New cards
64
A currently rapidly rising power that could greatly alter the international system is
China.
New cards
65
What does the realist concept of anarchy entail?
no authority above the state at the international level
New cards
66
Realists argue that states act in a unitary way in pursuit of their national interest, which is defined in terms of __________________________.
a desire to gain power.
New cards
67
A set of propositions and concepts that combine to explain phenomena by specifying the relationships among the propositions is _______________________.
collective security
New cards
68
Democratic peace theory argues that
democracies are unlikely to go to war with other democracies.
New cards
69
For constructivists, a key source of power is
ideas
New cards
70
In bipolar systems, alliances are long-term relationships based on interests, whereas in multipolar balance-of-power systems alliances are short-term relationships formed for a specific purpose.
True
New cards
71
Stratification in the international system refers to the uneven distribution of resources among different groups of states.
True
New cards
72
Liberals view the international system as being made up of numerous actors, including multinational corporations, nongovernmental organizations, and substate entities.
True
New cards
73
Realists attribute changes in the international system to
changes in the power relationship among the main actors in the system.
New cards
74
The fact that India’s development of nuclear weapons made Pakistan less secure, leading it to pursue nuclear weapons as well, illustrates…
the security dilemma.
New cards
75
System
Assemblage of objects, units, or parts that are united by some form of regular interaction
New cards
76
Traditional Realists believe that the international system
states can shape the system
New cards
77
Neorealists believe that the international system
states are more constrained by the system
New cards
78
Two Norms of Bipolar International System
Tight and Loose
New cards
79
Tight
International Organizations do not develop or are ineffective
New cards
80
Loose
International Organizations can develop to mediate between the two blocs
Studied by 4 people
Note 
Flashcard (514)