CSP U1: Digital Information

CSP Code.org U1

Binary

A way of representing information using only two options.

bit

A contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1

Byte

8 bits

Overflow Error

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large.

Round-Off Error

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise. The value is rounded.

Analog Data

Data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time. Some examples of analog data include music, colors of a painting, or position of a sprinter during a race.

Digital Data

Data that changes discreetly through a finite set of possible values

Sampling

A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals called samples.

Lossless Compression

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without losing any information. This process is reversible.

Lossy Compression

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something in which some information is lost or thrown away. This process is not reversible.

Intellectual Property

A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

Creative Commons

A collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work, used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that they have created

RGB

the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.

256

The total numbers that can be represented with an 8-bit binary system (starting with zero).

Prototype

An early sample or model of a product used to test a concept or process.

Hexadecimal

is a base-16 number system using digits 0-9 and letters A-F to represent values, commonly used in computing for color representation.

Decimal

A base-10 number system that uses digits from 0 to 9, commonly employed in everyday counting and math

Abstraction

The concept of simplifying complex reality by modeling aspects of it while omitting unnecessary details. This allows for focusing on relevant features and reducing complexity in various fields, including computer science.

ASCII

a character encoding standard that uses numerical codes to represent text in computers and other devices, allowing for the communication and storage of textual data.