immune response first second and third lines of defense

lines of defense

describe what happens in the first line of defense

physical nonspecific barrier

includes mucus, skin and secretions of acid enzymes and salt

first line of defense (specific or nonspecific)

nonspecific

third line of defense (specific or nonspecific)

nonspecific

first line of defense (innate or adaptive)

innate

second line of defense (innate or adaptive)

innate

third line of defense (innate or adaptive)

adaptive

second line of defense (specific or nonspecific)

non specific

describe what happens in the second line of defense when bacteria enters body

inflammatory response

mast cells produce histamines

histamines cause blood vessels to dilate and increase permiability

allows macrophage and other white blood cells to get to infected area faster and engulf and digest pathogen

complement system

immune response causing more macrophages to arrive to area

mast cells produce….

histamines

histamines are produced by…

mast cells

histamines cause ….

blood vessels to dilate and increase permiability

what do macrophages do

engulf and digest pathogens

which immune response is this

• mast cells produce histamines

second line of defense

which immune response is this

• the inflammatory response

second line of defense

which immune response is this

• includes complement system

second line of defense

describe what happens in the complement system

• encourages immune response causing more macrophages to arrive at area

• works with both specific and non specific immune response

which immune response does the complement system work with ( specific or non specific)

both

what does this describe

• encourage immune response causing more macrophages to arrive at area

compliment system

what are the 2 types of third line defense

• cell mediated

• humoral immune response

what cell does cell mediated immunity activate

cytotoxic t cells

what cell does humoral immune response active

B cells

cytotoxic t cells are activated by which immune response

cell mediated

b cells are activated by which immune response

humoral immune response

describe the two different ways that cytotoxic t cells are activated

1. infected cell present antigen from pathogen on its surface

2. macrophage processes consumed pathogen antigen its surface, t-helper cells attach to antigens, macrophage and t-helper cells release chemical signal

what happens after cytotoxic t cells are activated? what does it do?

cytotoxic t cells release perforin causing apoptosis and bacteria explode

define perforin

protein that creates holes in the infected cell causing apoptosis

define apoptosis

self destruct of cell due to holes created by perforin where water and ions enter and make it explode

protein that creates holes in the infected cell causing apoptosis

perforin

self destruct of cell due to holes created by perforin where water and ions enter and make bacteria explode

apoptosis

describe the humoral immune response

antigens on surface of macrophage or free antigens activate helper t cells

t cells bind to antigen

both macrophage and t helper cells release chemical signal stimulating b cells

b cells produce antibodies

antibodies are produced by which immune response

humoral immune response in third line of defense

b cells are activated by which immune response

humoral immune response

antibodies are produced by which cell

b cells

in which immune response does apoptosis occur

humoral immunity third line of defense

describe memory b-cells

activate plasma B cells and make antibodies

describe memory t cells

activate cytotoxic t cells and go after infected cells

memory cells that activate plasma b cells

memory b cells

memory cells that make antibodies

memory b cells

memory cells that activate cytotoxic t cells

memory t cells

memory cells that go after infected cells

memory t cells