Imperialism in America

foreign policy

the standard of how a country will interact with another country

isolationsim

-a policy in which a country will keep to itself and avoid foreign affairs

-america’s 1st foreign policy

why isolationism

-fixing America/building america

-problems with europe (british)

-america was a baby nation

baby nation

weak nation looking to be strong

imperialism

a policy in which a country imposes political and economic control over another nation or territory

why imperialism

-influence over others culturally, socially, etc

-for purposes of expansion in power, land, and resources

4 factors that set the stage for imperialism

-monroe doctrine

-european imperialism

-overabundance of goods

-manifest destiny

monroe doctrine

a part of our foreign policy in which the U.S. would not interfere with existing European colonies but no new ones could be formed

how the monroe doctrine set the stage

it was a statement of growth in power and was a preview or warning of what was to come

european imperialism

europe was already colonizing and controlling area around the world

economic reasons for european exploration

-to establish new markets

-to get raw materials

-to find gold/silver

religious reasons for european exploration

to spread catholicism/christianity to the natives

political reasons for european exploration

to expand their country's power and land

columbian exchange

a world-wide exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the "Old World" and the "New World" and pushed the world towards eventual globalization

old world countries

-asia

-europe

-africa

new world countries

-north america

-south america

globalization

the process by which particular goods and services, or social and cultural influences, gradually become similar in all parts of the world

how european imperialism set the stage

competition was needed to secure our economic future

manifest destiny

belief that America deserved and was destined to control all of the land from the east coast to the west coast

how manifest destiny set the stage

created a desire for more that even the fulfillment of this 'destiny' could quench

Frederick Jackson Turner

historian who theorized that in closing the door on the western frontier we opened the door on the world

overabundance of goods

america was producing more than consumers could use

how overabundance of goods set the stage

-needed new markets to sell the extra products

-so went in to other countries to create new markets

reasons for american imperialism

-creating a large empire meant great prestige among other nations

-would give them military strength

-would bring great wealth

-the spreading of western culture and christianity

prestige among other nations

-rank

-respect

-favor

alfred mahan quote

you have to buildup your military particularly your navy to expand

bringing great wealth

through colonies or territories a country could expand its land, control trade, and acquire new natural resources

7 actions/acquisitions of the US during imperialism

-japan opens its door to trade

-alaska

-midway island

-hawaii

-spanish american war

-spheres of influence

-panama canal

japan opens its doors to trade

-1853

-letter to the emperor

-military and diplomatic

-president fillmore

outcome of japan trade

set the stage for Japan's rise to power and actions against Asia and in WW2

alaska

-purchased for $7 million from Russia

-financial

-president johnson

nicknamed rewards folly/icebox

outcome of alaska

became a valuable resource for gold, fish, and oil

midway island

-1867

-islands in the pacific

-financial

-president johnson

midway island outcome

a strategic location in the pacific between America and Asia

hawaii

-1898

-took control of Hawaiian islands

-financial

-president mckinley

positive outcome of hawaii

resource of pineapple and sugarcane

negative outcome of hawaii

-overthrew the hawaiians to work for US

-led to annexation of Hawaii and eventual statehood

causes of the spanish american war

-american investments

-cuban revolution

-yellow journalism

-the exploration of the USS Maine

spanish american war

-1898

-military and financial

-president mckinley

american investments

americans had already invested $50 million in the sugar can industry

cuban revolution

uprising against spain due to poverty and cruel treatment (americans felt bad)

yellow journalism leads to war

newspapers like pulitzers new york world used this to increase interest in cuban affairs

yellow journalism

style of writing in which you would grossly exaggerate the truth

the exploration of the USS Maine

-1898

-266 died

-exploded and sunk in havana harbor cuba

-blamed spain for explosion

outcomes of spanish american war

-treaty of paris was signed in december of 1898

-cuba was given independence and wrote a new constitution

-puerto rico

-the Philippines

-demonstrated the ending of spains 400 yearsrule in teh americas and as

platt amendment

-couldn’t sign treaties with other countries

-made cuba a protectorate under the US

-us was involved in certain government decisions

-violated teller ammendment

-allowed the creation of Guantanamo bay

teller amendment

stated that the US would not make cuba come under US control if we won the war

guantanamo bay

military base in cuba

puerto rico

became territory of the US and eventually a commonwealth

the philippines

became a territory of the US and eventually became a commonwealth but was granted independance on july 4th 1946

territory

citizens have no rights in the US

commonwealth

citizens have rights

spheres of influence

-diplomatic, financial, and military

-president mckinley

spheres of influence background

-china had been divided up into spheres or zones under european and japanese powers since the mid 1800's

-secretary of state hay proposed his ‘open door policy’

-europeans/japanese did not agree with this

hay's open door policy

no more spheres of influence, everyone has equal trade opportunity

outcome of spheres of influence

-the boxer rebellion erupts

-hay proposed the 2nd open door policy which was accepted

the boxer rebellion

-a group of chinese rebelled against foreign trade and foreigners in china

-the society of righteous and harmonious fists

-unsuccessful

-us helped end it

panama canal

-theodore roosevelt

-1903

-financial and military

panama canal background

-french tried first and failed

-us offered Colombia $10 mil up front plus an annual fee of $250,000

-they refused and wanted $25 mil

-us helped panama overthrow colombia

-created an agreement to make the canal with panama

panama canal outcome

faster and cheaper shipping with a direct route from the atlantic to the pacific

teddy roosevelt policy

-1901-1909

-wrapping up mckinleys term

-big stick policy

big stick policy

"speak softly but carry a big stick"

-be persuasively nice but have the military power to back it up

-fillmore did it first

roosevelt corollary

an addition to the monroe doctine which stated the US had the right to intervene in any foreign affairs in the western hemisphere (US became the international police power)

william howard taft policy

-1909-1913

-dollar diplomacy

dollar diplomacy

believed that money could could and should be used to help other countries and establish relationships but if the country did not do what the US wanted they would take the money away

woodrow wilson policy

-1913-1921

-moral diplomacy

-ww1 started under his presidency

-only in the war for one year (1917 and ended in 1918)

moral diplomacy

believed in spreading democracy and the use of negotiations not force or finances

social darwinism

-a belief system using the ideology of Darwin's natural selection but applied to human political, economic and social structures

-the strongest nations will survive and therefore coquer for the betterment of others

-the strongest nations will survive and therefore conquer for the betterment of others

western hemisphere

the americas and greenland