Chapter 7: The Jazz Age

Anarchist

The Sacco and Vanzetti case created a furor, as newspapers around the country revealed that the two immigrants were _______, or people who oppose all forms of government

Eugenics

_________ is a pseudo-science(or false science) that deals with improving hereditary traits.

Source

A place, person, or thing from which something comes or can be obtained. Even big business, which previously favored unrestricted immigration as a ______ of cheap labor, now feared the new immigrants as radicals

Aspect

A part that can be considered or viewed. Challenging the tradition of seeing and thinking, the new morality glorified youth and personal freedom and influenced various _______ of American society.

Flapper

Though hardly typical of American women at the time, the _____—a young, dramatic, stylish, and unconventional woman—personified women's changing behavior in the 1920s

Ethic

A set of principles or values. To these Americans, the modern consumer culture, relaxed ______, and growing urbanism symbolized the nation's moral decline

Evolution

In particular, Fundamentalists rejected Charles Darwin's theory of ________, which said that human beings had developed from lower forms of life over the course of millions of years.

Creationism

Instead, Fundamentalists believed in _______—the belief that God created the world as described in the Bible.

Police Powers

While treasury agents had enforced federal tax laws for many years, __________________—a government's power to control people and property in the interest of public safety, health, welfare, and morals—had generally been reserved for the state governments.

Speakeasy

People flocked to secret bars called ___________, where they could purchase illegal alcohol. In New York City alone, an estimated 32,000 such bars sold liquor illegally.

Ku Klux Klan

At the forefront of the movement to restrict immigration was the ____________. The old ____ had flourished in the South after the Civil War and used threats and violence to intimidate newly freed African Americans. The new ____ had other targets as well—Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and other groups believed to represent "un-American" values

Emergency Quota Act

In 1921 President Harding signed the ________________, which established a temporary quota system, limiting immigration.

Fundamentalism

Many of these people, especially those in small rural towns, responded by joining a religious movement known as ___________—a name derived from a series of pamphlets titled The Fundamentals, published by oil millionaire Lyman Stewart.

Emerge

To come into view. These artists explored what it meant to be "modern," and they searched for meaning in the ________ challenges of the modern world.

Diverse

Different. Perhaps most striking was the _________ range of artistic styles, each attempting to express the individual, modern experience.

Mass Media

The _____________ —radio, movies, newspapers, and magazines aimed at a broad audience— did more than just entertain.

Unify

To join together. Media fostered a sense of shared national experience that helped ______ the nation and spread the new ideas and attitudes of the time.

Bohemian

The artistic and unconventional, or _________, lifestyle of these neighborhoods offered young artists and writers new lifestyles.

Carl Sandburg

Chicago poet ______________ used common speech to glorify the Midwest.

Ernest Hemingway

__________________, who served as an ambulance driver in Italy during World War I, was one such writer. His fiction presented a new literary style characterized by direct, simple, and concise prose, as when he wrote about war in such works as For Whom the Bell Tolls and A Farewell to Arms.

F. Scott Fitzgerald

______________, perhaps the most famous writer of the era, created colorful, glamorous characters who chased futile dreams in The Great Gatsby, a novel that poignantly exposed the superficiality of much of modern society.

Sought

To seek. By moving north, African Americans _______ to escape the segregated society of the South, to find economic opportunities, and to build better lives.

Author

A writer of a book, article, or report. Harlem Renaissance ___________ continue to influence writers today.

Jazz

Shortly after Louis Armstrong arrived in Chicago from New Orleans, he introduced an improvisational, early form of _______, a style of music influenced by Dixieland music and ragtime, with its ragged rhythms and syncopated melodies.

Blues

Smith sang of unfulfilled love, poverty, and oppression—the classic themes of the ________, a soulful style of music that evolved from African American spirituals.

Impact

An effect or result. The Great Migration had a significant _______ on the political power of African Americans in the North.

Great Migration

After World War I, hundreds of thousands of African Americans joined in what was called the _________________ from the rural South to industrial cities in the North

Harlem Renaissance

The result was a flowering of African American arts that became known as the ____________________________. African Americans created an environment that stimulated artistic development, racial pride, a sense of community, and political organization.

Claude McKay

Considered the first important writer of the Harlem Renaissance, ____________________ emigrated from Sunny Ville, Jamaica to New York in 1912 and he translated the shock of American racism into Harlem Shadows, a collection of poetry

Langston Hughes

One of the most prolific, original, and versatile writers of the Harlem Renaissance was _______________. Born in Joplin, Missouri, he became a leading voice of the African American experience in the United States

Cotton Club

Like many other African American entertainers, Ellington got his start at the _____________, one of the most famous Harlem nightspots.

Marcus Garvey

A dynamic black leader from Jamaica, _______________, captured the imagination of millions of African Americans with his call for "Negro Nationalism," which glorified the black culture and traditions of the past.

Eugene O'Neill

Among playwrights, one of the most innovative was __________. His plays portrayed realistic characters and situations, offering a vision of life that sometimes touched on the tragic.