FABSX Quiz 11

What is the foot mainly concerned with?

supporting and locomotion of the body

Where is the talus palpable?

anteromedial to proximal part of lateral malleolus on inversion of foot

Where else is the talus palpable?

anterior to medial malleolus on eversion of foot

Which part of calcaneus is not easily felt?

inferior

Fibular trochlea can be palpated on lateral aspect of what bone?

calcaneus

Navicular tuberosity can be felt where?

medial aspect

cuboid and cuneiform are difficult to identify?

true

Skin on foot is overall ____. Except where?

thin except hell and ball of foot

Deep fascia of foot is continuous with what?

fascia of ankle, plantar fascia, plantar aponeurosis

Plantar aponeurosis arises posteriorly from what? Divides into how many bands?

tuber calcanei; 5 bands

Extensor digitorum brevis/digitorum O and I

O: anterior part of calcaneus

I: base of proximal phalanx of big toe and tendons of extensor digitorum longus

Extensor digitorum brevis/digitorum A and N

A: dorsiflex big toes/digits

N: deep fibular n

What are the two neurovascular planes of the foot?

deep and superifical

How many muscle layers are in the foot?

4

Abductor hallucis O and I

O: Medial tubercle of calcaneus

I: medial side of proximal phalanx of big toe

Abductor hallucis A and N

A: abduct and flex first toe

N: medial plantar n

Flexor digitorum brevis O and I

O: medial tubercle of calcaneus

I: both sides of middle phalanges of digits

Flexor digitorum brevis A and N

A: flex digits

N: medial plantar n

Abductor digit minimi O and I

O: medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus

I: lateral side of base of 5th digit

Abductor digit minimi A and N

A: abduct and flex 5th digit

N: lateral plantar n

Quadratus Plantae O and I

O: calcaneus

I: tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Quadratus Plantae A and N

A: assist flexor digitorum longus

N: lateral plantar n

Lumbricals O and I

O: tendon of flexor digitorum longus

I: expansion of lateral four digits

Lumbricals A and N

A: flex proximal phalanges and extend middle and distal phalange

N: medial plantar(1st L) and lateral plantar (2-4th L)

Flexor hallucis brevis O and I

O: plantar surface of cuboid and cuneiform

I: both sides of 1st digit

Flexor hallucis brevis A and N

A: flex proximal phalanx of 1st toe

N: medial plantar n

Adductor Hallucis Oblique head O and I

O: bases of metatarsal of 2-4

I: base of proximal phalanx of 1st

Adductor Hallucis Transverse head O and I

O: plantar ligaments of metatarso-phalanegeal joint

I: base of proximal phalanx of 1st

Adductor Hallucis A and N

A: adduct 1st digit; assist transverse arch

N: deep lateral plantar

Flexor digit minimi brevis O and I

O: Base of 5th metatarsal

I: base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Flexor digit minimi brevis A and N

A: flex the 5th digit

N: superificial lateral plantar

Plantar Interossei O and I

O: metatarsals 3-5

I: proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th digit

Plantar Interossei A and N

A: adduct digits and flex metatarsal

Dorsal interossei O and I

O: adjacent sides of metatarsal 1-5

I: 1st- medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit; 2-4th- lateral sides of 2nd-4th digit

Dorsal interossei A and N

A: abduct digits

N: lateral plantar n

Nerves of foot include:

surral

lateral plantar

medial plantar

saphenous

superficial/deep fibular

Most of the muscles of sole of foot are innervated by what?

lateral plantar nerve

Muscles of the foot that are not innervated by lateral plantar are innervated by what?

medial plantar

What muscles are innervated by medial plantar nerve?

abductor hallucis brevis

flexor hallucis brevis

flexor digitorum brevis

first lumbrical

What branches of dorsalis pedis are in the foot?

lateral/medial tarsal

arcuate

deep plantar

What arteries make dorsal arch of the foot?

lateral tarsal and arcuate

What are the main arteries of the foot?

dorsalis pedis

medial/lateral plantar

What arteries form deep plantar arch of the foot?

lateral plantar + deep plantar

Small saphenous vein drains into?

popliteal

Dorsalis pedis artery is felt where?

extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

Posterior tibial artery is felt where?

flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus

What is the L4 myotome and DTR?

anterior tibialis

patellar tendon

What is the L5 myotome and DTR?

extensor digitorum/hallucis longus, g. medius

semimembranous tendon

What is the S1 myotome and DTR?

fibularis longus/brevis, gastrocnemius, heel and toe walk

achilles

Loss of myotome and DTR results in what?

radiculopathy

Spastic paralysis and hyperreflexia is due to what?

UMN lesion

Flaccid paralysis and hyporeflexia is due to what?

LMN lesion

Increased muscle tone/no muscle atrophy is due to what?

UMN lesion

Decreased or absent muscle tone or atrophy is due to what

LMN lesion

Which motor nerve lesion results in abnormal reflexes?

UMN lesion

Which of the following has history pointing to problem at or near IVF or vertebrae?

nerve root (radiculopathy)

Which of the following has history pointing to problem affecting nerve distant to vertebra?

peripheral nerve (neuropathy)

Which of the following has problem with single dermatome? What about multiple?

nerve root; peripheral nerve

Which of the following has partial loss of muscle function? Which has total loss?

nerve root; peripheral nerve

Which of the following is determined by positive SLR and Valsalva’s?

nerve root (radiculopathy)

Which of the following is determined by positive tinel’s sign?

Peripheral nerve (neuropathy)

Clinical considerations of Gait

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