Checklist For The 4th Lecture Exam

A set of flashcards covering key concepts from lectures on the brain, cranial nerves, and the autonomic nervous system for exam preparation.

What are the major parts of the brain?

Brain stem, Diencephalon, Cerebellum, and Cerebrum.

What is hydrocephalus?

A condition characterized by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.

What disease is associated with the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons?

Parkinson's disease.

What are some signs of cerebellar disease?

Signs include ataxia, tremors, and difficulty with fine motor control.

What is the flow of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)?

CSF flows through the ventricles of the brain, into the central canal of the spinal cord, and is reabsorbed into the bloodstream.

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?

To protect the brain from potentially harmful substances in the bloodstream while allowing essential nutrients to pass through.

What is the spinothalamic tract responsible for?

The spinothalamic tract is responsible for transmitting sensory information regarding pain and temperature.

What type of sensory receptor is responsible for taste?

Gustatory receptors.

What is the function of the auditory area in the cerebral cortex?

To process sound information.

What are the three parts of the ear?

Outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear.

What is myopia?

A condition where close objects appear clear, while distant objects are blurry; also known as nearsightedness.

What is the main difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system?

The sympathetic branch is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, while the parasympathetic branch controls 'rest and digest' functions.

What does prefrontal lobectomy refer to?

A surgical procedure that involves the removal of part of the prefrontal cortex, affecting personality and decision-making.

What are the accessory organs of the eye?

Structures such as the eyelids, eyelashes, and lacrimal glands that aid in eye function.

What is presbyopia?

A condition associated with aging where the eye cannot focus on close objects due to loss of elasticity of the lens.