1. Chem SI Prefixes and units

A set of vocabulary flashcards defining common SI prefixes, their symbols, multiplication factors, and representative unit examples.

Tera (T)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^{12}$ ($1,000,000,000,000$), with an example being 1 teragram (Tg) = $10^{12}\,g$.

Giga (G)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^9$ ($1,000,000,000$), with an example being 1 gigameter (Gm) = $10^9\,m$.

Mega (M)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^6$ ($1,000,000$), with an example being 1 megameter (Mm) = $10^6\,m$.

Kilo (k)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^3$ ($1000$), with an example being 1 kilogram (kg) = $10^3\,g$.

Hecto (h)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^2$ ($100$), with an example being 1 hectogram (h g) = $100\,\text{gram}$.

Deka (da)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^1$ ($10$), with an example being 1 dekagram (dag) = $10\,\text{gram}$.

Deci (d)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^{-1}$ ($0.1$), with an example being 1 decimeter (d m) = $0.1\,\text{meter}$.

Centi (c)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^{-2}$ ($0.01$), with an example being 1 centimeter (cm) = $0.01\,m$.

Milli (m)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $0.001$, with an example being 1 milligram (mg) = $0.001\,g$.

Micro (\mu)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $0.000\,001$, with an example being 1 micrometer (\mu m).

Nano (n)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^{-9}$ ($0.000\,000\,001$), with an example being 1 nanosecond (ns) = $10^{-9}\,s$.

Pico (p)

An SI prefix representing a factor of $10^{-12}$ ($0.000\,000\,000\,001$), with an example being 1 picosecond (ps) = $10^{-12}\,s$.

Fundamental SI Base Units

The basic units in the International System of Units that are independent of other units: meter (m), kilogram (kg), second (s), kelvin (K).

Length

A fundamental SI base unit measured in meters (m).

Mass

A fundamental SI base unit measured in kilograms (kg).

Time

A fundamental SI base unit measured in seconds (s).

Temperature

A fundamental SI base unit measured in kelvin (K).

Volume

A derived unit measured in cubic meters (m³), calculated as length cubed.

Density

A derived unit measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³), defined as mass per unit volume.

Energy

A derived unit measured in joules (J), defined as work done when a force moves an object: $J = kg \times m^2 \times s^{-2}$.

Kinetic Energy

(Ek) The energy of motion

Kinetic energy equation

Ek = ½mv²

What does the equation Ek= ½ mv² stand for

The kinetic energy equation describes the relationship between an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v), calculating its kinetic energy (Ek) as half of the product of its mass and the square of its velocity. Mass in kg

What are the units for kinetic energy

J=kg·m²/s²

A joule is a derived unit. Explain what makes a derived unit.

Unit made from the multiplication and division of fundamental units.

Kelvin formula

K=C+273.15

Farenheit formula

F=(1.8C)+32

Celcius formula

C=(F-32)/1.8

1 kg to grams

1kg = 10³ grams

Milliliters to Cubic Centimeters Conversion

1 mL is equal to 1 cm³.

Liters to Cubic Decimeters Conversion

1 L is equal to 1 dm³.

Inches to Centimeters Conversion

1 inch is equal to 2.54 cm.

Pounds to Grams Conversion

1 pound is equal to 454 g.

Cubic Meters to Liters Conversion

1 m³ is equal to 1000 L.

Grams to kg

1 g = 10-³ kg

A 10-cm cube

Contains 1000 1-cm cubes

Accuracy

An indication of how close a measurement comes to the actual value of the quantity.

Precision

An indication of how well multiple independent measurements agree with one another.

Random Error

Errors that occur due to random fluctuations in measurement; these should average out with enough measurements.

Systematic Error

Errors due to limitations in instrument or technique, often directional (e.g., measurements are consistently too high or too low).

Importance of Accuracy

Accuracy is crucial for ensuring that measurements reflect true values, impacting experimental results and conclusions.

Importance of Precision

Precision is essential for consistency in measurements, allowing for reliable comparisons and data analysis.