233 Unit 3 #1 Axial Skeleton -- Skull + Hyoid

frontal bone

bone that forms the forehead

supraorbital foramen (notch)

opening above each orbit allowing blood vessels and nerves to pass

zygomatic process of frontal bone

extension of frontal bone that articulates with zygomatic bone at lateral border of orbit

frontal sinus

cavity within the frontal bone

parietal bone

forms sides of the skull

Zygomatic bone

cheek bone

occipital bone

bone at the back of head

foramem magnum

large hole in the base of the skull, spinal cord enters here

occipital condyles

articulate with first cervical vertebra (atlas)

jugular foramen

Name this foramen.

temporal bone

bone that contains the external auditory meatus and articulates with the mandible

mastoid process

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

styloid process

sharp process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

external auditory meatus (canal)

outer ear canal

internal auditory meatus (canal)

canal located between the jugular foramen and carotid canal from superior view

zygomatic process of temporal bone

extension from the temporal bone that forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch

mandibular fossa

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

carotid foramen (canal)

opening for carotid artery

sphenoid bone

Bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together--shaped like a butterfly or bat

greater wing of sphenoid bone

posterior and inferior to lesser wing on the interior of the skull, also visible in the posterior orbit and lateral side of the skull

lesser wing of sphenoid bone

anterior and superior to greater wing on the interior of the skull

sella turcica

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located (hypophyseal fossa)

sphenoid sinus

sinus that sits just UNDER the sella turcica. It is posterior to the nose, and slightly superior

optic foramen (canal)

opening located just anterior to sella turcica to allow optic nerves to pass from eyes to brain

superior orbital fissure

opening of the sphenoid bone at the back of the eye socket

foramen rotundum

tucked under the lesser wing of the sphenoid, anterior to the foramen ovale

foramen ovale

posterior to foramen rotundum; it sits between the media lacerate foramen and lateral foramen spinosum.

pterygoid process

Process of the sphenoid bone, consisting of two wing-shaped plates that sit at the back of the palate

ethmoid bone

Light spongy bone between the eye sockets; forms part of the nasal cavities.

crista galli

ethmoid bone - "rooster's comb" sticks up into cranial cavity

cribiform plate

superior surface of the ethmoid; perforated by foramina that olfactory nerves travel through, which provide sense of smell

perpendicular plate

ethmoid bone, forms superior part of nasal septum

superior nasal conchae

top-most scroll-like projections of ethmoid bone--NOT VISIBLE from anterior view of skull

middle nasal concha

middle scroll-like projections of ethmoid bone--THESE ARE VISIBLE from anterior view of skull

inferior nasal conchae

The lowermost scroll-shaped bones on the sidewalls of the nasal cavity (these are NOT part of the Ethmoid bone)

ethmoid sinus

Nasal Sinus located between the nose and the orbits.

Vomer

forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum

nasal bone

bridge of nose

lacrimal bone

small rectangular bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket

lacrimal canal

consists of a duct at the inner corner of each eye

Maxilla

upper jaw--contains all your upper teeth

alveolar process

the grooves that show where the teeth sit within the maxilla

infraorbital foramen

opening under the orbit--carries nerves and blood vessels the the nasal region

palatine process

of the MAXILLLA BONE - forms the anterior portion of the hard palate (roof) of the mouth

median palatine suture

median suture between bones of the palate

maxillary sinus

sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes

Mandible

lower jaw

body of mandible

horizontal portion of the mandible

angle of mandible

The lower posterior of the ramus

ramus of mandible

vertical part of mandible

condylar process of mandible

articulates with temporal bone

mandibular notch

coronoid process of mandible

mandibular foramen

on internal surface of ramus of jaw

alveolar process of mandible

bumpy, ridge-like projections where the teeth are held

mental foramen

foramen on anterior part of jaw

coronal suture

between frontal and parietal bones

sagittal suture

between parietal bones

Lambdoidal Suture

suture that separates parietal bones from occipital bone

squamous suture

Between parietal and temporal bones

anterior fontanel

posterior fontanel

back soft spot on fetal skull between parietal and occipital bone

anterolateral (sphenoid) fontanel

at the junction between the squamous sutures and the coronal suture

posterolateral (mastoid) fontanel

located between the parietal, occipital, and temporal bones

ear ossicles

malleus, incus, stapes

hyoid bone

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

body of hyoid

horizontal surface of hyoid bone

lesser horn of hyoid bone

greater horn of hyoid bone

the larger, posterior projection from the body of the hyoid bone