Drugs, Society, and Criminal Justice Fourth Edition Chapters 1 & 2 Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms and definitions from Chapters 1 and 2 of Charles F. Levinthal's Drugs, Society, and Criminal Justice, Fourth Edition.

psychoactive drugs

drugs that affect feelings, thoughts, perceptions, or behavior

illicit drug

drugs whose manufacture, sale, or possession is illegal

licit drug

drugs whose manufacture, sale, or possession is legal

drug dependence

A condition in which an individual feels a compulsive need to continue taking a drug. In the process, the drug assumes an increasingly central role in the individual's life.

Drug

a chemical substance that, when taken into the body, alters the structure or functioning of the body in some way, excluding those nutrients considered to be related to normal functioning

instrumental use

referring to the motivation of a drug user who takes the drug for a specific purpose other than getting "high"

recreational use

referring to the motivation of a drug user who takes the drug only to get "high" or achieve some pleasurable effect

drug misuse

drug-taking behavior in which a prescription or over-the-counter (prescription) drug is used inappropriately

drug abuse

drug-taking behavior resulting in some form of physical, mental, or social impairment

Toxicity

the physical or psychological harm that a drug might present to the user .

dose

The quantity of drug that is taken into the body, typically measured in terms of milligrams or micrograms

acute toxicity

the physical or psychological harm a drug might present to the user immediately or soon after the drug is ingested into the body.

dose-response curve

S-shaped graph showing the increasing probability of a certain drug effect as the dose level rises

Effective Dose (ED)

the minimal dose of a particular drug necessary to produce the intended drug effect in a given percentage of the population

Lethal Dose (LD)

the minimal dose of a particular drug capable of producing death in a given percentage of the population

Polydrug

involving multiple drugs

chronic toxicity

the physical or psychological harm a drug might cause over a long period of use

Golden Triangle

A once dominant opium producing region of southeast asia now eclipsed by opium producing nations of the golden crescent

China White

A street name for heroin from the golden triangle nations of southeast asia

Golden Crescent

A major opium producing region of Southwest Asia, comprising Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkey, Iran, and former regions of the Soviet Union.

black tar

a potent form of heroin, generally brownish in color, originating in Mexico

Cartel

an organization centered on the manufacture distribution, and or sale of illicit drugs

medellin and cali drug cartels

Two major Colombian drug cartels that controlled much of the illicit drug distribution in South America from the mid-$1970s$ to the mid-$1990s$

BC Bud

British Columbia-grown marijuana, produced under hydroponic (water-based) cultivation methods

Narcoterrorism

A term referring to antigovernment political groups in which their operations have combined political insurgency and illicit drug trafficking