glossary quiz ch 14 15

bruit

blowing/swooshing sound from stethoscope over area with abnormal blood flow

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

goiter

increased size in thyroid from hyperthyroidism

lymphadenopathy

enlarged lymph nodes

macrocephalic

abnormally large head

microcephalic

abnormally small head

normocephalic

round symmetric skull related to body size

torticollis

head tilt from shortening or spasm of sternomastoid muscle

vertigo

sensation that the room or body is spinning

accommodation

adaptation of the eye for near vision by increasing curvature of lens

anisocoria

unequal pupil size

arcus senilis

gray/white arc circle around iris common with aging

argyll robertson pupil

pupil does not react to light (constrict with accommadation)

astigmatism

refractive error of vision from different curvature in refractive surface of eye (cornea/lens)

a-v crossing

crossing paths of an artery and vein in ocular fundus

bitemporal hemianopsia

loss of both temporal visual fields

blepharitis

inflammation of glands and eyelash follicles on the margin of the eyelids

cataract

opacity of lens that develops with aging and gradually obstructs vision

chalazion

infrection or retention cyst of meibomian gland (beady module on eye)

conjunctivitis

infection of the conjunctiva (pinkeye)

cotton wool area

abnormal soft exudates visible as fray white areas on the ocular fundus

cup to disc ratio

ratio of the width of the physiologic cup to the width of the optic disc normally half or less

diopter

unit of strength of the lens setting on the ophthalmoscope that changes focus on the eye structures

diplopia

double vision

drusen

benign deposits on the ocular fundus that show as round yellow dots and occur with aging

ectropion

lower eyelid loose and rolling outward

entropion

lower eyelid rolling inward

exophthalamos

protruding eyeballs

fovea

area of keenest vision at the center of the macula on the ocular fundus

glaucoma

a group of eye disease characterized by an increased intraocular pressure

hordeolum

stye

lid lag

abnormal white rim of sclera visible between upper eyelid and iris when a person moves the eyes downward

macula

round darker area of the ocular fundus that mediates vision only from the central visual field

microaneurysm

abnormal finding of round red dots on the ocular fundus that are localized dilations of small vessels

miosis

constricted pupils

mydriasis

dilated pupils

myopia

nearsighted

nystagmus

involuntary rapid rhythmic movement of eyeball

optic atrophy

pallor of the optic disc due to partial or complete death of optic nerve

optic disc

area of ocular fundus in which blood vessels exit and enter

papilledema

stasis of blood flow out of the ocular fundus

presbyopia

decrease in power of accommodation that occurs with aging

pterygium

triangular opaque tissue on nasal side of conjunctiva that grows toward center of cornea

ptosis

drooping of upper eyelid over iris and covering of pupil

red reflex

red glow that appears to fill persons pupil with ophthalmoscope

strabismus

cross eyed or squint/ disparity of eye axes

xanthelasma

soft raised yellow plaques occurring on skin at inner corners of eyes