Neuroplasticity & recovery

Damage to CNS cells results in inflammation and ____ recovery

poor

Damage to PNS cells results in inflammation and ____ recovery

potential

When a broken axon undergoes Wallerian Degeneration, the distal end of the axon starts to degenerate:

within hours

When a PNS neuron undergoes Wallerian degeneration, the proximal end is covered by:

Schwann cells

When a PNS neuron undergoes Wallerian degeneration, its axons:

can regenerate

When a CNS neuron undergoes Wallerian degeneration, the distal end is covered by:

a glial scar

When a CNS neuron undergoes Wallerian degeneration, its axon:

cannot regenerate

Recovery from CNS damage is:

dependent on neuroplasticity

Recovery from PNS damage is:

not always successful

Neurogenesis is:

the creation of new neurons

Synaptogenesis is:

the creation of new neural connections (synapses)

Long-term potentiation is the:

strengthening of synapses

Long-term depression is the

weakening of unused synapses

Early long-term potentiation is:

the temporary strengthening of a synapse

Late long-term potentiation is:

a lasting strengthening of a synapse

Diaschis is:

functional depression of areas surround acute CNS damage, resulting in reduced metabolism and bloodflow

Functional recovery from CNS damage depends on:

practice

Functional recovery from CNS damage is:

other body parts compensating for damage

The strengthening of a secondary synapse, following the destruction of a primary synapse, is:

rerouting

New connections between existing neurons is:

sprouting

The principle “Use it or lose it” means:

Lack of activity in a brain network can lead to loss of function

The principle “Use it and improve it" means:

Targeted practice strengthens that specific function

The principle “Specificity” means:

Intervention should target relevant functions for daily needs and directly target the function you want to improveT

The principle “Repetition & intensity matter” means:

Repetition and intensity trigger neural change

The principle “Time matters” means:

Different forms of plasticity occur at different times during training

The principle “Salience matters” means:

Training experience must be meaningful to the client

The principle “Age matters” means:

Younger brains tend to change more readily, but learning is lifelong

The principle “Transference” means:

Gains in one task can influence or support learning in other similar tasks (generalization)

The principle “Interference” means:

Learning a new task can interfere with previously learned behaviors, and vice-versa